וַיִּשְׁלָחֲךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה בְּדָ֑רֶךְ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לֵ֣ךְ וְהַחֲרַמְתָּ֞ה אֶת־הַֽחַטָּאִים֙ אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֔ק וְנִלְחַמְתָּ֣ בֹ֔ו עַ֥ד כַּלֹּותָ֖ם אֹתָֽם׃
And YHWH sent you on a mission and said, ‘Go, and utterly destroy the sinners, the ʿAmaleq, and fight against them until you have consumed them.’
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁלָחֲךָ֥ (vayyishlaḥakha) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And He sent you”; Notes: Refers to YHWH sending Shaʾul.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- בְּדָ֑רֶךְ (be-darekh) – Root: דרך (darekh); Form: Noun, masculine singular, with preposition; Translation: “on a mission”; Notes: Literally “on the way.”
- וַיֹּ֗אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Introduces the divine command.
- לֵ֣ךְ (lekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Go”; Notes: Command given to Shaʾul.
- וְהַחֲרַמְתָּ֞ה (ve-haḥaramta) – Root: חרם (ḥaram); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with paragogic ה; Translation: “and you shall utterly destroy”; Notes: Command to dedicate to destruction.
- אֶת־הַֽחַטָּאִים֙ (ʾet-ha-ḥattaʾim) – Root: חטא (ḥataʾ); Form: Noun, masculine plural, definite; Translation: “the sinners”; Notes: Refers to the Amaleqites.
- אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֔ק (ʾet-ʿAmaleq) – Root: עמלק (ʿAmaleq); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the Amaleqites”; Notes: Specifies the sinners.
- וְנִלְחַמְתָּ֣ (ve-nilḥamta) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Nifal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and you shall fight”; Notes: Instruction to battle against them.
- בֹ֔ו (bo) – Root: ב (b); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against them”; Notes: Refers to the Amaleqites.
- עַ֥ד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Expresses duration.
- כַּלֹּותָ֖ם (kallotam) – Root: כלה (kalah); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you have consumed them”; Notes: Indicates total destruction.
- אֹתָֽם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the Amaleqites.