וַיִּקַּ֨ח שְׁמוּאֵ֜ל אֶת־קֶ֣רֶן הַשֶּׁ֗מֶן וַיִּמְשַׁ֣ח אֹתֹו֮ בְּקֶ֣רֶב אֶחָיו֒ וַתִּצְלַ֤ח רֽוּחַ־יְהוָה֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד מֵהַיֹּ֥ום הַה֖וּא וָמָ֑עְלָה וַיָּ֣קָם שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ הָרָמָֽתָה׃ ס
And Shemuʾel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers. And the Spirit of YHWH came mightily upon David from that day and onward. And Shemuʾel arose and went to Rama.
Morphology
- וַיִּקַּ֨ח (vayyiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he took”; Notes: Refers to Shemuʾel taking the oil.
- שְׁמוּאֵ֜ל (Shemuʾel) – Root: שְׁמוּאֵל (Shemuʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shemuʾel”; Notes: The prophet.
- אֶת־קֶ֣רֶן (ʾet-qeren) – Root: קרן (qeren); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “The horn of”; Notes: Refers to the vessel containing the oil.
- הַשֶּׁ֗מֶן (hashemen) – Root: שׁמן (shemen); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “The oil”; Notes: Used for anointing.
- וַיִּמְשַׁ֣ח (vayyimshaḥ) – Root: משח (mashaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he anointed”; Notes: Refers to Shemuʾel anointing David.
- אֹתֹו֮ (ʾoto) – Root: אות (ʾot); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Him”; Notes: Refers to David.
- בְּקֶ֣רֶב (bekerev) – Root: קרב (qerev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “In the midst of”; Notes: Indicates location.
- אֶחָיו֒ (eḥav) – Root: אח (ʾaḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural, construct; Translation: “His brothers”; Notes: Refers to David’s siblings.
- וַתִּצְלַ֤ח (vattitslaḥ) – Root: צלח (tsalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And it prospered”; Notes: Refers to the Spirit of YHWH.
- רוּחַ־יְהוָה֙ (ruaḥ-YHWH) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct + divine name; Translation: “The Spirit of YHWH”; Notes: Indicates divine empowerment.
- אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד (el-David) – Root: דוד (David); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Upon David”; Notes: David is the recipient of divine anointing.
- מֵהַיֹּ֥ום (mehayyom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “From the day”; Notes: Indicates the beginning of divine presence.
- הַה֖וּא (hahhu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “That”; Notes: Specifies the day of anointing.
- וָמָ֑עְלָה (vamaʿlah) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal conjunctive infinitive; Translation: “And onward”; Notes: Describes continuation.
- וַיָּ֣קָם (vayyaqam) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he arose”; Notes: Refers to Shemuʾel.
- שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל (Shemuʾel) – Root: שְׁמוּאֵל (Shemuʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shemuʾel”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ (vayyelekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he went”; Notes: Shemuʾel departs.
- הָרָמָֽתָה׃ (haramatah) – Root: רמה (Ramah); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “To Ramah”; Notes: Shemuʾel’s home.