1 Samuel 2:23

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לָ֥מָּה תַעֲשׂ֖וּן כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֤י שֹׁמֵ֨עַ֙ אֶת־דִּבְרֵיכֶ֣ם רָעִ֔ים מֵאֵ֖ת כָּל־הָעָ֥ם אֵֽלֶּה׃

And he said to them, “Why do you do these things, the evil things that I hear from all these people?

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Sequential past action.
2. לָהֶ֔ם (lahem) – Root: ל (l) + הם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to ʿEli’s sons.
3. לָ֥מָּה (lammah) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces a question.
4. תַעֲשׂ֖וּן (taʿasun) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “do you do”; Notes: Direct question to his sons.
5. כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים (ka-dvarim) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine plural with prefix כ (as); Translation: “like these things”; Notes: Indicates similarity.
6. הָאֵ֑לֶּה (ha-ʾelleh) – Root: אלה (ʾelleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the evil deeds.
7. אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
8. אָנֹכִ֤י (ʾanoḵi) – Root: אנכי (ʾanoḵi); Form: Pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes the speaker.
9. שֹׁמֵ֨עַ֙ (shomeaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “hear”; Notes: Indicates an ongoing action.
10. אֶת־דִּבְרֵיכֶ֣ם (et-divreikhem) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your words”; Notes: Refers to their reported actions.
11. רָעִ֔ים (raʿim) – Root: רע (raʿ); Form: Adjective, masculine plural; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Describes their words or deeds.
12. מֵאֵ֖ת (meʾet) – Root: מן (min) + את (ʾet); Form: Preposition with definite direct object marker; Translation: “from”; Notes: Specifies the source.
13. כָּל־הָעָ֥ם (kol-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with definite article; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel.
14. אֵֽלֶּה (ʾelleh) – Root: אלה (ʾelleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the ones bringing accusations.