1 Samuel 23:15

וַיַּ֣רְא דָוִ֔ד כִּֽי־יָצָ֥א שָׁא֖וּל לְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת־נַפְשֹׁ֑ו וְדָוִ֥ד בְּמִדְבַּר־זִ֖יף בַּחֹֽרְשָׁה׃ ס

And Dawid saw that Shaʾul had gone out to seek his life, while Dawid was in the wilderness of Zif, in the forest.

Morphology

1. וַיַּ֣רְא (vayyar) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he saw”; Notes: Indicates realization or perception.
2. דָוִ֔ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.
3. כִּֽי־יָצָ֥א (ki-yatsa) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that had gone out”; Notes: Expresses completed action.
4. שָׁא֖וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to King Shaʾul.
5. לְבַקֵּ֣שׁ (levaqqesh) – Root: בקש (baqqesh); Form: Piel infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to seek”; Notes: Intensive form indicating determined pursuit.
6. אֶת־נַפְשֹׁ֑ו (et-nafsho) – Root: נפש (nefesh); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his life”; Notes: Denotes intent to harm or kill.
7. וְדָוִ֥ד (ve-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “while Dawid”; Notes: Introduces a contrast.
8. בְּמִדְבַּר־זִ֖יף (bemidbar-Zif) – Root: מדבר, זיף (midbar, Zif); Form: Noun construct phrase; Translation: “in the wilderness of Zif”; Notes: Geographic location.
9. בַּחֹֽרְשָׁה (baḥorshah) – Root: חרש (ḥoresh); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the forest”; Notes: Indicates the specific area within the wilderness.