2 Kings 24:4

וְגַ֤ם דַּֽם־הַנָּקִי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁפָ֔ךְ וַיְמַלֵּ֥א אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑י וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה לִסְלֹֽחַ׃

And also the innocent blood that he shed, and he filled Yerushalayim with innocent blood, and YHWH was not willing to forgive.

Morphology

1. וְגַ֤ם (ve-gam) – Root: גם; Form: Conjunction + emphatic particle; Translation: “And also”; Notes: Adds further reason for YHWH’s wrath, cumulative emphasis.
2. דַּֽם־הַנָּקִי֙ (dam-ha-naqi) – Root: דם + נקה; Form: Construct noun masculine singular + adjective masculine singular definite; Translation: “the innocent blood”; Notes: Refers to unjust bloodshed of the guiltless.
3. אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: Relative pronoun; Form: Particle; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause modifying “blood.”
4. שָׁפָ֔ךְ (shafakh) – Root: שפך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shed”; Notes: Likely referring to Menasheh’s violent acts in context.
5. וַיְמַלֵּ֥א (va-yemalle) – Root: מלא; Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he filled”; Notes: Emphasizes the extent of the bloodshed.
6. אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם (et-Yerushalayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: The holy city saturated with innocent blood.
7. דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑י (dam naqi) – Root: דם + נקה; Form: Noun masculine singular + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “innocent blood”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes guilt and horror.
8. וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֥ה (ve-lo-ʾavah) – Root: אבה; Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He was not willing”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s refusal to forgive.
9. יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject whose decision is absolute and final.
10. לִסְלֹֽחַ (lisloaḥ) – Root: סלח; Form: Infinitive construct with preposition לְ; Translation: “to forgive”; Notes: Marks the object of YHWH’s unwillingness — forgiveness.