אָמַר֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִ֥י דִבֶּ֖ר צ֣וּר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מֹושֵׁל֙ בָּאָדָ֔ם צַדִּ֕יק מֹושֵׁ֖ל יִרְאַ֥ת אֱלֹהִֽים׃
Spoke the God of Yisraʾel to me, the Rock of Yisraʾel said: A ruler over mankind, righteous, ruling in the fear of God.
Morphology
- אָמַר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Spoke” or “Said”; Notes: Used to introduce direct divine speech.
- אֱלֹהֵי (ʾElohei) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Construct masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Construct chain referring to Yisraʾel’s deity.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the patriarch Jacob or the nation.
- לִי (li) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of divine speech—Dawid.
- דִבֶּר (dibber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He spoke”; Notes: Emphasizes solemn or official speech.
- צוּר (tsur) – Root: צור (tsur); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Rock”; Notes: Metaphor for strength, reliability—divine epithet.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Construct or appositional to “Rock.”
- מֹושֵׁל (moshel) – Root: משׁל (mashal); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Ruler”; Notes: Subject of the clause—who exercises authority.
- בָּאָדָם (baʾadam) – Root: אדם (adam); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “over man” or “in mankind”; Notes: Refers to humanity broadly.
- צַדִּיק (tsaddiq) – Root: צדק (tsadaq); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “righteous”; Notes: Modifies the ruler—morally upright, just.
- מֹושֵׁל (moshel) – Root: משׁל (mashal); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “ruling”; Notes: Parallel participle, emphasizing how the ruler governs.
- יִרְאַת (yirʾat) – Root: ירא (yareʾ); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “fear of”; Notes: Refers to reverence or awe.
- אֱלֹהִים (ʾElohim) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Object of reverential rule; plural in form, singular in meaning.