רַ֛ק אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמֹּ֖ון לֹ֣א קָרָ֑בְתָּ כָּל־יַ֞ד נַ֤חַל יַבֹּק֙ וְעָרֵ֣י הָהָ֔ר וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֖ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃
Only to the land of the sons of Ammon you did not draw near—any part of the river Yabboq, the cities of the hill country, and all that YHWH our God commanded.
Morphology
- רַ֛ק (raq) – Root: רק (rq); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Only”; Notes: Limits the action to what follows.
- אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ (ʾel-ʾeretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾrṣ); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “to the land”; Notes: Refers to the territory of the Ammonites.
- בְּנֵי־עַמֹּ֖ון (b’nei-ʿAmmon) – Root: בן (bn) + עמון (ʿmn); Form: Construct chain: noun, masculine plural + proper noun; Translation: “sons of Ammon”; Notes: Refers to the Ammonites.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lʾ); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb following.
- קָרָ֑בְתָּ (qaravta) – Root: קרב (qrb); Form: Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you drew near”; Notes: Indicates the subject’s action of approaching.
- כָּל־יַ֞ד (kol-yad) – Root: כל (kl) + יד (yd); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “any part of”; Notes: Refers to any portion of the boundary or region.
- נַ֤חַל יַבֹּק֙ (naḥal Yabboq) – Root: נחל (nḥl) + יבק (ybq); Form: Noun, masculine singular + proper noun; Translation: “Wadi Yabboq”; Notes: A river and boundary mentioned in the narrative.
- וְעָרֵ֣י (v’arei) – Root: עיר (ʿyr); Form: Conjunction + noun, feminine plural construct; Translation: “and cities of”; Notes: Refers to cities in the hill country.
- הָהָ֔ר (haharr) – Root: הר (hr); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the hill country”; Notes: Describes the geographical area.
- וְכֹ֥ל (v’kol) – Root: כל (kl); Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and all”; Notes: Adds emphasis to everything included.
- אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֖ה (ʾasher-tsivvah) – Root: צוה (ṣwh); Form: Relative pronoun + Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that He commanded”; Notes: Refers to the instructions of YHWH.
- יְהוָ֥ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (yhwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, the divine name.
- אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ (Eloheinu) – Root: אלה (ʾlh); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “our God”; Notes: Indicates a covenant relationship with YHWH.