כִּֽי־יִמָּצֵ֨א אִ֜ישׁ שֹׁכֵ֣ב עִם־אִשָּׁ֣ה בְעֻֽלַת־בַּ֗עַל וּמֵ֨תוּ֙ גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם הָאִ֛ישׁ הַשֹּׁכֵ֥ב עִם־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וְהָאִשָּׁ֑ה וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ הָרָ֖ע מִיִּשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ס
If a man is found lying with a woman married to a husband, then both of them shall die—the man who lay with the woman, and the woman—so you shall purge the evil from Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- כִּֽי־יִמָּצֵ֨א (ki-yimmatze) – Root: מצא (matza); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “if he is found”; Notes: Passive form, indicating discovery of an act.
- אִ֜ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the sentence.
- שֹׁכֵ֣ב (shokhev) – Root: שכב (shakav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “lying with”; Notes: Describes the action.
- עִם־אִשָּׁ֣ה (im-ishah) – Root: אשה (ishah); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “with a woman”; Notes: Object of the action.
- בְעֻֽלַת־בַּ֗עַל (be’ulat-ba‘al) – Root: בע”ל (ba‘al); Form: Qal passive participle feminine singular construct; Translation: “married to a husband”; Notes: Indicates legal marital status.
- וּמֵ֨תוּ֙ (u-metu) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “and they shall die”; Notes: Divine judgment and legal execution.
- גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם (gam-shenehem) – Root: שנים (shenayim); Form: Dual construct + pronominal suffix 3rd person plural; Translation: “both of them”; Notes: Specifies mutual culpability.
- הָאִ֛ישׁ (ha-ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “the man”; Notes: Subject of the punishment.
- הַשֹּׁכֵ֥ב (ha-shokhev) – Root: שכב (shakav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular definite; Translation: “who lay”; Notes: Descriptive participle.
- עִם־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה (im-ha-ishah) – Root: אשה (ishah); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “with the woman”; Notes: Specifies the partner in crime.
- וְהָאִשָּׁ֑ה (ve-ha-ishah) – Root: אשה (ishah); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “and the woman”; Notes: Conjunctive phrase.
- וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ (u-vi’arta) – Root: בער (ba‘ar); Form: Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and you shall purge”; Notes: Command to remove impurity.
- הָרָ֖ע (ha-ra) – Root: רע (ra); Form: Adjective masculine singular absolute; Translation: “the evil”; Notes: Identifies offense.
- מִיִּשְׂרָאֵֽל (mi-Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “from Yisra’el”; Notes: The moral standard for the nation.