וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל אֶל־כָּל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ לֵאמֹר֒ אִם־בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֗ם אַתֶּ֤ם שָׁבִים֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה הָסִ֜ירוּ אֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֧י הַנֵּכָ֛ר מִתֹּוכְכֶ֖ם וְהָעַשְׁתָּרֹ֑ות וְהָכִ֨ינוּ לְבַבְכֶ֤ם אֶל־יְהוָה֙ וְעִבְדֻ֣הוּ לְבַדֹּ֔ו וְיַצֵּ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִיַּ֥ד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃
And Shemuʾel said to all the house of Yisraʾel, saying, “If with all your heart you are returning to YHWH, remove the foreign gods from among you and the ʿAshtarot, and prepare your hearts to YHWH, and serve Him alone, and He will deliver you from the hand of the Pelishtim.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל (Shemuʾel) – Root: שמואל (Shemuʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shemuʾel”; Notes: The prophet Samuel.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל (el); Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Indicates direction.
- כָּל־בֵּ֣ית (kol-beit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all the house of”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation.
- לֵאמֹר֒ (lemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- אִם־ (im) – Root: אם (im); Form: Conditional particle; Translation: “If”; Notes: Introduces a condition.
- בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֗ם (be-khol-levavkhem) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with all your heart”; Notes: Denotes sincerity.
- אַתֶּ֤ם (atem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizes subject.
- שָׁבִים֙ (shavim) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are returning”; Notes: Ongoing action.
- אֶל־ (el) – Root: אל (el); Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Directional.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- הָסִ֜ירוּ (hasiru) – Root: סור (sur); Form: Hiphil imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Remove”; Notes: Causative command.
- אֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֧י (et-elohei) – Root: אלהים (elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the gods of”; Notes: Possessive construct.
- הַנֵּכָ֛ר (ha-nekar) – Root: נכר (nekar); Form: Adjective, masculine plural definite; Translation: “foreign”; Notes: Describes the gods.
- מִתֹּוכְכֶ֖ם (mi-tokhkhem) – Root: תוך (tokh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from among you”; Notes: Indicates removal.
- וְהָעַשְׁתָּרֹ֑ות (ve-ha-Ashtarot) – Root: עשתרת (Ashtoret); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “the Ashtarot”; Notes: Pagan deities.
- וְהָכִ֨ינוּ (ve-hakhinu) – Root: כון (kun); Form: Hiphil imperative masculine plural; Translation: “And prepare”; Notes: Causative command.
- לְבַבְכֶ֤ם (levavkhem) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your hearts”; Notes: Inner devotion.
- וְיַצֵּ֥ל (veyatztzel) – Root: נצל (natzal); Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He will deliver”; Notes: Causative future action.
- מִיַּ֥ד (mi-yad) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “from the hand of”; Notes: Expresses deliverance.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת (Peleshet); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: The Philistines.