וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח וַיְבִיאֵ֨הוּ֙ וְה֣וּא אַדְמֹונִ֔י עִם־יְפֵ֥ה עֵינַ֖יִם וְטֹ֣וב רֹ֑אִי פ וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יְהוָ֛ה ק֥וּם מְשָׁחֵ֖הוּ כִּֽי־זֶ֥ה הֽוּא׃
And he sent and brought him, and he was ruddy, with beautiful eyes and good appearance. And YHWH said, “Arise, anoint him, for this is he.”
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח (vayyishlaḥ) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he sent”; Notes: Refers to Yishai sending for David.
- וַיְבִיאֵ֨הוּ֙ (vayyviʾehu) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And he brought him”; Notes: Refers to David being brought.
- וְה֣וּא (vehu) – Root: הוא (huʾ); Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “And he”; Notes: Refers to David.
- אַדְמֹונִ֔י (ʾadmoni) – Root: אדם (ʾadam); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “Ruddy”; Notes: Describes David’s complexion.
- עִם־יְפֵ֥ה (ʿim-yefe) – Root: יפה (yafeh); Form: Adjective, masculine singular construct; Translation: “With beautiful”; Notes: Modifies the following noun.
- עֵינַ֖יִם (ʿeinayim) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun, dual; Translation: “Eyes”; Notes: Describes David’s features.
- וְטֹ֣וב (vetov) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “And good”; Notes: Another descriptor.
- רֹ֑אִי (roʾi) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Appearance”; Notes: Indicates David’s handsome looks.
- וַיֹּ֧אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking.
- יְהוָ֛ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject.
- ק֥וּם (qum) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Arise”; Notes: A command given to Shemuʾel.
- מְשָׁחֵ֖הוּ (meshaḥehu) – Root: משח (mashaḥ); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Anoint him”; Notes: Directs Shemuʾel to anoint David.
- כִּֽי־זֶ֥ה (ki-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Conjunction + demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “For this”; Notes: Indicates divine choice.
- הֽוּא׃ (hu) – Root: הוא (huʾ); Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “He is”; Notes: Refers to David as the chosen one.