וַיְהִ֣י מִֽמָּחֳרָ֗ת וַתִּצְלַ֣ח רוּחַ֩ אֱלֹהִ֨ים רָעָ֤ה אֶל־שָׁאוּל֙ וַיִּתְנַבֵּ֣א בְתֹוךְ־הַבַּ֔יִת וְדָוִ֛ד מְנַגֵּ֥ן בְּיָדֹ֖ו כְּיֹ֣ום בְּיֹ֑ום וְהַחֲנִ֖ית בְּיַד־שָׁאֽוּל׃
And it came to pass on the next day, that an evil spirit of God rushed upon Shaʾul, and he prophesied in the midst of the house, while Dawid was playing with his hand, as day by day, and the spear was in Shaʾul’s hand.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֣י (va-yehí) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- מִֽמָּחֳרָ֗ת (mi-maḥorát) – Root: מחר (maḥar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “on the next day”; Notes: Indicates temporal sequence.
- וַתִּצְלַ֣ח (va-titsláḥ) – Root: צלח (tsalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it rushed upon”; Notes: Describes a sudden overpowering.
- רוּחַ֩ (ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “spirit”; Notes: Can refer to divine influence or disposition.
- אֱלֹהִ֨ים (Elohim) – Root: אלהים (Elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural in form but singular in meaning; Translation: “Elohim”; Notes: Refers to God.
- רָעָ֤ה (raʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Qualifies the spirit.
- אֶל־שָׁאוּל֙ (el-Shaʾul) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “upon Shaʾul”; Notes: Indicates the direction of the action.
- וַיִּתְנַבֵּ֣א (va-yitnabbé) – Root: נבא (naba); Form: Hitpael wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he prophesied”; Notes: Reflexive form, possibly involuntary.
- בְתֹוךְ־הַבַּ֔יִת (be-tókh ha-báyit) – Root: תוך (tokh); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “in the midst of the house”; Notes: Indicates location.
- וְדָוִ֛ד (ve-Dawíd) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the next clause.
- מְנַגֵּ֥ן (menaɡgén) – Root: נגן (nagan); Form: Piel participle, masculine singular; Translation: “playing”; Notes: Intensive action of playing an instrument.
- בְּיָדֹ֖ו (be-yadó) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with his hand”; Notes: Instrumental phrase.
- כְּיֹ֣ום בְּיֹ֑ום (ke-yóm be-yóm) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular, repeated; Translation: “as day by day”; Notes: Idiomatic for habitual action.
- וְהַחֲנִ֖ית (ve-ha-ḥanít) – Root: חנית (ḥanit); Form: Noun, feminine singular, definite; Translation: “and the spear”; Notes: Indicates presence of a weapon.
- בְּיַד־שָׁאֽוּל (be-yad Shaʾul) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular, construct with proper noun; Translation: “in Shaʾul’s hand”; Notes: The construct phrase links possession.