מִכַּף־רֶ֤גֶל וְעַד־רֹאשׁ֙ אֵֽין־בֹּ֣ו מְתֹ֔ם פֶּ֥צַע וְחַבּוּרָ֖ה וּמַכָּ֣ה טְרִיָּ֑ה לֹא־זֹ֨רוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א חֻבָּ֔שׁוּ וְלֹ֥א רֻכְּכָ֖ה בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃
From the sole of the foot even to the head there is no soundness in it—wound and bruise and fresh stripe; they have not been pressed out, nor bound up, nor softened with oil.
Morphology
- מִכַּף (mi-kaf) – Root: כף; Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “from the sole”; Notes: Begins the expression of totality from bottom to top.
- רֶגֶל (regel) – Root: רגל; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “foot”; Notes: Completes the compound phrase “from the sole of the foot.”
- וְעַד (ve-ʿad) – Root: עד; Form: Conjunction + preposition; Translation: “and up to”; Notes: Denotes extension from bottom to top.
- רֹאשׁ (roʾsh) – Root: ראשׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “head”; Notes: Completes the totality expression: “from foot to head.”
- אֵין־בּוֹ (ein-bo) – Root: אין / בו; Form: Negative existential + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “there is no in it”; Notes: Denotes total absence of wholeness or soundness.
- מְתֹם (metom) – Root: תמם; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “soundness” or “wholeness”; Notes: Indicates physical or moral integrity.
- פֶּצַע (petzaʿ) – Root: פצע; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “wound”; Notes: Indicates an open or inflicted injury.
- וְחַבּוּרָה (ve-ḥaburah) – Root: חבר; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “bruise”; Notes: Refers to a contusion or mark from a blow.
- וּמַכָּה (u-makkah) – Root: נכה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “and stripe” or “blow”; Notes: Refers to fresh injury.
- טְרִיָּה (teriYYah) – Root: טרי; Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “fresh”; Notes: Emphasizes the raw and untreated state of the wound.
- לֹא־זֹרוּ (lo-zoru) – Root: זור; Form: Qal passive perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “have not been pressed out”; Notes: Medical imagery of treating a wound by cleansing or pressing.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “nor”; Notes: Continues the list of neglected treatments.
- חֻבָּשוּ (ḥubashu) – Root: חבש; Form: Pual perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “have been bound up”; Notes: Refers to wrapping or dressing wounds.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “nor”; Notes: Final item in a triadic structure of neglect.
- רֻכְּכָה (rukkekhah) – Root: רכך; Form: Pual perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has been softened”; Notes: Refers to medicinal soothing with oil.
- בַּשָּׁמֶן (ba-shemen) – Root: שׁמן; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “with the oil”; Notes: Common biblical image for healing or anointing.