Isaiah 54:1

רָנִּ֥י עֲקָרָ֖ה לֹ֣א יָלָ֑דָה פִּצְחִ֨י רִנָּ֤ה וְצַהֲלִי֙ לֹא־חָ֔לָה כִּֽי־רַבִּ֧ים בְּֽנֵי־שֹׁומֵמָ֛ה מִבְּנֵ֥י בְעוּלָ֖ה אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃

“Sing, O barren one who did not bear! Break forth into singing and cry aloud, you who did not travail! For more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married woman,” says YHWH.

Morphology

1. רָנִּ֥י (ranni) – Root: רנן; Form: Qal imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Sing!”; Notes: A call to rejoice vocally.
2. עֲקָרָ֖ה (ʿaqarah) – Root: עקר; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “O barren one”; Notes: Symbol of despair turned to hope.
3. לֹ֣א (lo) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “who did not”; Notes: Negates the verb that follows.
4. יָלָ֑דָה (yaladah) – Root: ילד; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “bear”; Notes: Refers to childbearing.
5. פִּצְחִ֨י (pitsḥi) – Root: פצח; Form: Qal imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Break forth!”; Notes: Intensifies the call to rejoice.
6. רִנָּ֤ה (rinnah) – Root: רנן; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “singing”; Notes: A joyful cry or song.
7. וְצַהֲלִי֙ (ve-tsahali) – Root: צהל; Form: Conjunction + Qal imperative feminine singular; Translation: “and cry aloud!”; Notes: Adds vocal jubilation.
8. לֹא־חָ֔לָה (lo-ḥalah) – Root: חלה; Form: Negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “who did not travail”; Notes: Refers to birth pangs or labor.
9. כִּֽי־רַבִּ֧ים (ki-rabbim) – Root: רבב; Form: Conjunction + adjective masculine plural; Translation: “for more”; Notes: Introduces the reason for rejoicing.
10. בְּֽנֵי־שֹׁומֵמָ֛ה (bene-shomemah) – Root: שׁמם; Form: Construct noun masculine plural + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the children of the desolate”; Notes: The forsaken one now fruitful.
11. מִבְּנֵ֥י (mi-bene) – Root: בן; Form: Preposition + construct noun masculine plural; Translation: “than the children of”; Notes: Comparative expression.
12. בְעוּלָ֖ה (beʿulah) – Root: בעל; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “the married woman”; Notes: Woman with a husband, in contrast to the barren.
13. אָמַ֥ר (amar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “says”; Notes: Prophetic declaration.
14. יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Divine speaker and author of the promise.