וְעָמְד֣וּ זָרִ֔ים וְרָע֖וּ צֹאנְכֶ֑ם וּבְנֵ֣י נֵכָ֔ר אִכָּרֵיכֶ֖ם וְכֹרְמֵיכֶֽם׃
And strangers shall stand and shepherd your flocks, and the sons of foreigners shall be your plowmen and your vinedressers.
Morphology
- וְעָמְדוּ (ve-ʿamdu) – Root: עמד; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-conversive; Translation: “and they shall stand”; Notes: Future-oriented narrative continuation.
- זָרִים (zarim) – Root: זור; Form: Noun/adjective masculine plural; Translation: “strangers”; Notes: Refers to non-Israelites, foreigners.
- וְרָעוּ (ve-raʿu) – Root: רעה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-conversive; Translation: “and they shall shepherd”; Notes: Action of tending flocks, continuing restoration motif.
- צֹאנְכֶם (tsonkhem) – Root: צאן; Form: Noun common feminine singular in construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your flock(s)”; Notes: Possession of the Israelites.
- וּבְנֵי (u-venei) – Root: בן; Form: Conjunction + construct noun masculine plural; Translation: “and sons of”; Notes: Introduces parallel group to “strangers.”
- נֵכָר (nekar) – Root: נכר; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “foreigner”; Notes: Synonymous with “strangers,” often Gentiles.
- אִכָּרֵיכֶם (ikkareikhem) – Root: אכר; Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your plowmen”; Notes: Workers of the land, a reversal of roles.
- וְכֹרְמֵיכֶם (ve-kormekhem) – Root: כרם; Form: Qal participle masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix + conjunction; Translation: “and your vinedressers”; Notes: Those who tend vineyards, indicating agricultural prosperity through others’ labor.