וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י בָהֶ֜ם אֹ֗ות וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֣י מֵהֶ֣ם פְּ֠לֵיטִים אֶֽל־הַגֹּויִ֞ם תַּרְשִׁ֨ישׁ פּ֥וּל וְל֛וּד מֹ֥שְׁכֵי קֶ֖שֶׁת תֻּבַ֣ל וְיָוָ֑ן הָאִיִּ֣ים הָרְחֹקִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־שָׁמְע֤וּ אֶת־שִׁמְעִי֙ וְלֹא־רָא֣וּ אֶת־כְּבֹודִ֔י וְהִגִּ֥ידוּ אֶת־כְּבֹודִ֖י בַּגֹּויִֽם׃
And I will set a sign among them, and I will send survivors from them to the nations: Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, those who draw the bow, Tubal and Yawan, the distant coastlands who have not heard My fame and have not seen My glory. And they shall declare My glory among the nations.
Morphology
- וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י (ve-samti) – Root: שׂים; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And I will set”; Notes: Indicates divine action establishing a sign.
- בָהֶ֜ם (vahem) – Root: הם; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “among them”; Notes: Refers to the gathered peoples or nations.
- אֹ֗ות (ʾot) – Root: אות; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a sign”; Notes: Often a miraculous or symbolic indicator of divine will.
- וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֣י (ve-shillaḥti) – Root: שלח; Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and I will send”; Notes: Emphasizes purposeful commissioning.
- מֵהֶ֣ם (mehem) – Root: הם; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from them”; Notes: Survivors or remnant as emissaries.
- פְּלֵיטִים (peleitim) – Root: פלט; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “survivors”; Notes: Those who escape or are delivered from judgment.
- אֶֽל־הַגֹּויִ֞ם (el-ha-goyim) – Root: גוי; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “to the nations”; Notes: Direction of the mission.
- תַּרְשִׁ֨ישׁ (Tarshish) – Proper noun: Tarshish; Notes: Distant maritime region, often linked to western Mediterranean.
- פּוּל (Pul) – Proper noun: Pul; Notes: Possibly a region in Africa or Asia Minor, or a royal name.
- וְלוּד (ve-Lud) – Proper noun: Lud; Notes: Associated with archery and warfare; possible region in Africa or Anatolia.
- מֹשְׁכֵי (moshkhei) – Root: משך; Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “drawers of”; Notes: Describes those skilled in drawing (bows).
- קֶשֶׁת (qeshet) – Root: קשת; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “bow”; Notes: A term associated with archery.
- תֻּבַל (Tuval) – Proper noun: Tubal; Notes: A distant nation often listed with Meshekh; location uncertain.
- וְיָוָן (ve-Yawan) – Proper noun: Yawan; Notes: Refers to Ionia/Greek regions.
- הָאִיִּים (ha-iyyim) – Root: אי; Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the islands”; Notes: Symbolic of distant coastlands.
- הָרְחֹקִים (ha-reḥoqim) – Root: רחק; Form: Adjective masculine plural definite; Translation: “the distant [ones]”; Notes: Refers to geographic and possibly spiritual distance.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces relative clause describing recipients.
- לֹא־שָׁמְעוּ (lo-shamʿu) – Root: שמע; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with negative particle; Translation: “have not heard”; Notes: Expresses ignorance of YHWH’s reputation.
- אֶת־שִׁמְעִי (et-shimʿi) – Root: שמע; Form: Noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My fame” or “report”; Notes: Parallels “glory” in next clause.
- וְלֹא־רָאוּ (ve-lo-raʾu) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with negative particle; Translation: “and have not seen”; Notes: Lack of experiential knowledge of YHWH’s glory.
- אֶת־כְּבֹודִי (et-kevodi) – Root: כבד; Form: Noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My glory”; Notes: The majesty and divine presence of YHWH.
- וְהִגִּידוּ (ve-higgidu) – Root: נגד; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall declare”; Notes: Proclamation to the nations of what they’ve now witnessed.
- אֶת־כְּבֹודִי (et-kevodi) – Root: כבד; Form: Noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My glory”; Notes: Repetition underscores divine self-revelation.
- בַּגֹּויִם (ba-goyim) – Root: גוי; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the nations”; Notes: Destination of the proclamation.