לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה אֹ֖וי עִ֣יר הַדָּמִ֑ים גַּם־אֲנִ֖י אַגְדִּ֥יל הַמְּדוּרָֽה׃
Therefore, thus says the Lord YHWH: “Woe, city of bloods! Even I will make great the firewood pile.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (lakhen) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Therefore”; Notes: Introduces the consequence of prior accusations.
- כֹּה (koh) – Form: Adverbial particle; Translation: “Thus”; Notes: Standard prophetic introductory formula.
- אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “says”; Notes: Refers to divine declaration.
- אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) – Root: אדון (ʾadon); Form: Proper divine title; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Paired with YHWH to emphasize sovereignty.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֹוי (oy) – Form: Interjection; Translation: “Woe”; Notes: An expression of lament or denunciation.
- עִיר (ʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “city”; Notes: Refers here to Yerushalayim.
- הַדָּמִים (ha-damim) – Root: דם (dam); Form: Definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “of bloods”; Notes: Idiom denoting violence and bloodshed.
- גַּם (gam) – Form: Conjunction/adverb; Translation: “also/even”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s involvement in judgment.
- אֲנִי (ani) – Root: Independent pronoun; Form: 1st person common singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Stresses YHWH Himself is the actor.
- אַגְדִּיל (agdir) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Hiphil imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will make great”; Notes: Causative stem, YHWH will enlarge or intensify.
- הַמְּדוּרָה (ha-medurah) – Root: דור (dur); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the firewood pile”; Notes: Refers metaphorically to the burning judgment upon the city.