רֹכְלֵ֤י שְׁבָא֙ וְרַעְמָ֔ה הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּרֹ֨אשׁ כָּל־בֹּ֜שֶׂם וּבְכָל־אֶ֤בֶן יְקָרָה֙ וְזָהָ֔ב נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבֹונָֽיִךְ׃
The merchants of Sheva and Raʿma, they were your merchants; with the finest of all spices, and with every precious stone and gold they gave your merchandise.
Morphology
- רֹכְלֵי (rokhlei) – Root: רכל (rakhal); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “merchants of”; Notes: Refers to traders or dealers, introducing the regions involved in Tyre’s commerce.
- שְׁבָא (Sheva) – Root: שׁבא (Sheva); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Sheva” (Sheba); Notes: Refers to a kingdom in southern Arabia (modern Yemen), renowned for its incense and spices.
- וְרַעְמָה (ve-Raʿmah) – Root: רעמה (Raʿmah); Form: Conjunction וְ + proper noun; Translation: “and Raʿmah”; Notes: Another Arabian region associated with Sheba, known for trade in spices and luxury goods.
- הֵמָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Refers collectively to the merchants of Sheva and Raʿmah as Tyre’s trade partners.
- רֹכְלָיִךְ (rokhlayikh) – Root: רכל (rakhal); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “your merchants”; Notes: Denotes those who traded directly with Tyre on behalf of Sheva and Raʿmah.
- בְּרֹאשׁ (be-roʾsh) – Root: ראשׁ (roʾsh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “with the finest of”; Notes: Indicates the highest quality or best among the category mentioned.
- כָּל־בֹּשֶׂם (kol-bosem) – Root: בשם (bosem); Form: Noun masculine singular in construct with כָּל; Translation: “all spice” or “every kind of perfume”; Notes: Refers to costly aromatic substances such as myrrh, frankincense, or balsam.
- וּבְכָל־אֶבֶן (u-ve-khol-even) – Root: אבן (ʾeven); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular in construct with כָּל; Translation: “and with every stone of”; Notes: Introduces the next item of trade—precious stones.
- יְקָרָה (yeqarah) – Root: יקר (yaqar); Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “precious”; Notes: Describes valuable gemstones traded by Sheva and Raʿmah.
- וְזָהָב (ve-zahav) – Root: זהב (zahav); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and gold”; Notes: Represents one of the most valuable commodities, a hallmark of Sheban trade wealth.
- נָתְנוּ (natnu) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they gave”; Notes: Refers to the act of supplying or exchanging these luxury goods in trade.
- עִזְבֹונָיִךְ (ʿizvonayikh) – Root: עֶזְבּוֹן (ʿezvon); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “your merchandise”; Notes: Indicates the goods or trade inventory of Tyre enriched through such luxury exchanges.