Ezekiel 27:23

חָרָ֤ן וְכַנֵּה֙ וָעֶ֔דֶן רֹכְלֵ֖י שְׁבָ֑א אַשּׁ֖וּר כִּלְמַ֥ד רֹכַלְתֵּֽךְ׃

Ḥaran, Kanne, and ʿEden were the merchants of Sheva; Asshur and Kilmad were your traders.

 

Morphology

  1. חָרָן (Ḥaran) – Root: חרן (Ḥaran); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥaran”; Notes: Refers to a prominent Mesopotamian city, a major hub on ancient trade routes connecting Assyria and the west.
  2. וְכַנֵּה (ve-Kanneh) – Root: כנּה (Kanneh); Form: Conjunction וְ + proper noun; Translation: “and Kanneh”; Notes: Possibly refers to a location near the Euphrates River or a trading settlement in Babylonia.
  3. וָעֶדֶן (va-ʿEden) – Root: עדן (ʿEden); Form: Conjunction וְ + proper noun; Translation: “and ʿEden”; Notes: Likely refers to a region in Mesopotamia known for fertility and prosperity, not the Eden of Genesis.
  4. רֹכְלֵי (rokhlei) – Root: רכל (rakhal); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “merchants of”; Notes: Identifies these cities as trading partners or centers under the broader network of Sheva’s commerce.
  5. שְׁבָא (Sheva) – Root: שׁבא (Sheva); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Sheva” (Sheba); Notes: Refers to a kingdom in southern Arabia (modern Yemen), famed for its caravan trade in gold, spices, and incense.
  6. אַשּׁוּר (Ashur) – Root: אשׁור (Ashur); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Asshur” (Assyria); Notes: Refers to the Assyrian Empire, known for its vast political and economic power, participating in Tyre’s trading networks.
  7. כִּלְמַד (Kilmad) – Root: כלמד (Kilmad); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Kilmad”; Notes: A place of uncertain location, possibly a Mesopotamian trading town associated with Asshur’s sphere of influence.
  8. רֹכַלְתֵּךְ (rokhaltekh) – Root: רכל (rakhal); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “your trader”; Notes: Refers to the role of these Mesopotamian centers as Tyre’s commercial partners supplying various luxury goods.

 

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