Deuteronomy 25:7

וְאִם־לֹ֤א יַחְפֹּץ֙ הָאִ֔ישׁ לָקַ֖חַת אֶת־יְבִמְתֹּ֑ו וְעָלְתָה֩ יְבִמְתֹּ֨ו הַשַּׁ֜עְרָה אֶל־הַזְּקֵנִ֗ים וְאָֽמְרָה֙ מֵאֵ֨ין יְבָמִ֜י לְהָקִ֨ים לְאָחִ֥יו שֵׁם֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה יַבְּמִֽי׃

But if the man does not desire to take his brother’s widow, then his brother’s widow shall go up to the gate to the elders and say: ‘My brother-in-law refuses to establish a name for his brother in Yisraʾel; he is not willing to perform the duty of a brother-in-law for me.’

 

Morphology

  1. וְאִם־ (ve-im) – Root: אם (im); Form: Conditional conjunction; Translation: “But if”; Notes: Introduces an alternative condition.
  2. לֹ֤א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Expresses negation.
  3. יַחְפֹּץ֙ (yaḥpotz) – Root: חפץ (ḥafetz); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “desires”; Notes: Expresses willingness.
  4. הָאִ֔ישׁ (ha-ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the man”; Notes: Refers to the brother-in-law.
  5. לָקַ֖חַת (laqakhat) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to take”; Notes: Refers to marriage.
  6. אֶת־יְבִמְתֹּ֑ו (et-yevimtov) – Root: יבם (yavam); Form: Noun, feminine singular with direct object marker and suffix; Translation: “his brother’s widow”; Notes: The woman in levirate marriage.
  7. וְעָלְתָה֩ (ve-ʿaltah) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “then she shall go up”; Notes: Refers to an appeal process.
  8. יְבִמְתֹּ֨ו (yevimtov) – Root: יבם (yavam); Form: Noun, feminine singular with suffix; Translation: “his brother’s widow”; Notes: Reiterates her status.
  9. הַשַּׁ֜עְרָה (ha-shaʿarah) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “to the gate”; Notes: Refers to the place of judgment.
  10. אֶל־הַזְּקֵנִ֗ים (el-ha-zeqenim) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Noun, masculine plural with preposition and definite article; Translation: “to the elders”; Notes: Refers to community leaders.
  11. וְאָֽמְרָה֙ (ve-ʾamrah) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and she shall say”; Notes: Declares her complaint.
  12. מֵאֵ֨ין (meʾen) – Root: מאן (maʾan); Form: Verb, masculine singular; Translation: “refuses”; Notes: Indicates rejection.
  13. יְבָמִ֜י (yevami) – Root: יבם (yavam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with suffix; Translation: “my brother-in-law”; Notes: The subject of the complaint.
  14. לְהָקִ֨ים (le-haqim) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to establish”; Notes: Refers to preserving the brother’s lineage.
  15. לְאָחִ֥יו (le-aḥiv) – Root: אח (aḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition and suffix; Translation: “for his brother”; Notes: Refers to the deceased.
  16. שֵׁם֙ (shem) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a name”; Notes: Refers to legacy.
  17. בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (be-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “in Yisraʾel”; Notes: Specifies national importance.
  18. לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes refusal.
  19. אָבָ֖ה (avah) – Root: אבה (avah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he was willing”; Notes: Expresses unwillingness.
  20. יַבְּמִֽי׃ (yabbemi) – Root: יבם (yavam); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with suffix; Translation: “to perform the duty of a brother-in-law for me”; Notes: Refers to the levirate marriage obligation.

 

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