Deuteronomy 28:1

וְהָיָ֗ה אִם־שָׁמֹ֤ועַ תִּשְׁמַע֙ בְּקֹול֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֤ר לַעֲשֹׂות֙ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֹתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיֹּ֑ום וּנְתָ֨נְךָ֜ יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ עֶלְיֹ֔ון עַ֖ל כָּל־גֹּויֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃

“And it shall be, if you diligently listen to the voice of YHWH your God, to observe and to do all His commandments that I command you today, then YHWH your God will set you high above all the nations of the earth.

Morphology

1. וְהָיָ֗ה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And it shall be”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause, indicating a future consequence.
2. אִם־שָׁמֹ֤ועַ תִּשְׁמַע֙ (im-shamoaʿ tishmaʿ) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “if you diligently listen”; Notes: The repetition emphasizes attentiveness and obedience.
3. בְּקֹול֙ (be-qol) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to the voice”; Notes: Refers to God’s instructions or commandments.
4. יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ (YHWH Elohekha) – Root: יהוה (YHWH), אלה (Eloah); Form: Proper noun + noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “YHWH your God”; Notes: The covenantal name of God, emphasizing personal relationship.
5. לִשְׁמֹ֤ר לַעֲשֹׂות֙ (lishmor laʿasot) – Root: שׁמר (shamar), עשה (ʿasah); Form: Infinitive construct with prepositions; Translation: “to observe and to do”; Notes: Indicates both careful attention and active execution of the commandments.
6. אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֹתָ֔יו (et-kol-mitzvotav) – Root: מצוה (mitzvah); Form: Direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “all His commandments”; Notes: Refers to the totality of God’s commands.
7. אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ (asher anokhi metzavvekha) – Root: צוה (tzavah); Form: Relative pronoun + 1st person singular pronoun + Piel participle with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “that I command you”; Notes: Moses speaking as the mediator of God’s law.
8. הַיֹּ֑ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “today”; Notes: Emphasizes the immediacy and relevance of the command.
9. וּנְתָ֨נְךָ֜ (u-netankha) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive and 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “then He will set you”; Notes: Indicates God’s action in response to obedience.
10. יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ (YHWH Elohekha) – Root: יהוה (YHWH), אלה (Eloah); Form: Proper noun + noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “YHWH your God”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis on the covenantal relationship.
11. עֶלְיֹ֔ון (elyon) – Root: עלי (ʿalah); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “high” or “exalted”; Notes: Refers to being placed in a position of honor or superiority.
12. עַ֖ל כָּל־גֹּויֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ (ʿal kol-goyei ha-aretz) – Root: גוי (goy), ארץ (eretz); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “above all the nations of the earth”; Notes: Signifies Israel’s prominence among the nations as a result of obedience.