וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה הַשְׁכֵּ֤ם בַּבֹּ֨קֶר֙ וְהִתְיַצֵּב֙ לִפְנֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה הִנֵּ֖ה יֹוצֵ֣א הַמָּ֑יְמָה וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַׁלַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃
And YHWH said to Moses, “Rise early in the morning and stand before Parʿo, as he is going out to the water, and you shall say to him, ‘Thus says YHWH, “Let My people go, that they may serve Me.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH speaking to Moses.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal name of God.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה (ʾel-Mosheh) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To Moses”; Notes: Refers to Moses, the recipient of YHWH’s instructions.
- הַשְׁכֵּ֤ם (hashkem) – Root: שׁכם (sh-k-m); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Rise early”; Notes: Commands an early action.
- בַּבֹּ֨קֶר֙ (ba-boker) – Root: בקר (b-q-r); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “In the morning”; Notes: Indicates the time of the command.
- וְהִתְיַצֵּב֙ (ve-hityatzev) – Root: יצב (y-ts-v); Form: Verb, Hitpael, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Stand”; Notes: Reflexive, indicating positioning oneself.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates proximity or presence.
- פַּרְעֹ֔ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to the Pharaoh of Egypt.
- הִנֵּ֖ה (hinneh) – Root: N/A; Form: Particle; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the following action.
- יֹוצֵ֣א (yotzeʾ) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, ms; Translation: “Is going out”; Notes: Indicates ongoing action.
- הַמָּ֑יְמָה (ha-maymah) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Noun, mp with directional suffix; Translation: “To the water”; Notes: Refers to the Nile River.
- וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ (ve-ʾamarta) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And you shall say”; Notes: Commands Moses to speak.
- אֵלָ֗יו (ʾelav) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “To him”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo.
- כֹּ֚ה (koh) – Root: N/A; Form: Adverb; Translation: “Thus”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- אָמַ֣ר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Says”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s message.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal name of God.
- שַׁלַּ֥ח (shallaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Verb, Piel, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Let go”; Notes: A command to release the people.
- עַמִּ֖י (ʿammi) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun, ms with 1cs suffix; Translation: “My people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי (ve-yaʿavduni) – Root: עבד (ʿ-b-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with 1cs suffix; Translation: “And they may serve Me”; Notes: Indicates worship or service to YHWH.