וְאָמַרְתָּ֞ לְאַדְמַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִ֣י אֵלַ֔יִךְ וְהֹוצֵאתִ֥י חַרְבִּ֖י מִתַּעְרָ֑הּ וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י מִמֵּ֖ךְ צַדִּ֥יק וְרָשָֽׁע׃
And you shall say to the land of Yisraʾel, ‘Thus says YHWH: “Behold, I am against you, and I will bring out my sword from its sheath, and I will cut off from you righteous and wicked.
Morphology
- וְאָמַרְתָּ (ve-ʾamarta) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 2ms with waw consecutive (future sense); Translation: “and you shall say”; Notes: Command to the prophet to deliver YHWH’s message.
- לְאַדְמַת (le-admat) – Root: אדמה; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “to the land of”; Notes: Direct address to the territory.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the covenant people and their land.
- כֹּה (koh) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Standard formula introducing prophetic speech.
- אָמַר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “says”; Notes: Divine proclamation formula.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun, Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: הן; Form: Particle + 1cs pronoun suffix; Translation: “behold, I”; Notes: Emphasizes immediacy of divine action.
- אֵלַיִךְ (elaiyikh) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 2fs suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Directs judgment toward the land (feminine personified).
- וְהֹוצֵאתִי (ve-hotséti) – Root: יצא; Form: Hifil perfect 1cs with waw consecutive (future); Translation: “and I will bring out”; Notes: Causative action of drawing out the sword.
- חַרְבִּי (ḥarbi) – Root: חרב; Form: Noun feminine singular with 1cs suffix; Translation: “my sword”; Notes: Instrument of divine judgment.
- מִתַּעְרָהּ (mit-taʿrah) – Root: ערה; Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular with 3fs suffix; Translation: “from its sheath”; Notes: Military imagery of unsheathing for battle.
- וְהִכְרַתִּי (ve-hikhratti) – Root: כרת; Form: Hifil perfect 1cs with waw consecutive (future); Translation: “and I will cut off”; Notes: Refers to removal or destruction of people.
- מִמֵּךְ (mimmekh) – Root: מן; Form: Preposition מִן + second fs suffix; Translation: “from you”; Notes: The land as source from which both types are removed.
- צַדִּיק (tsaddiq) – Root: צדק; Form: Adjective masculine singular absolute; Translation: “righteous”; Notes: Refers to morally upright individuals.
- וְרָשָׁע (ve-rashaʿ) – Root: רשע; Form: Adjective masculine singular absolute with conjunction; Translation: “and wicked”; Notes: Refers to the morally corrupt; paired contrast to “righteous.”