Ezekiel 28:23

וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי־בָ֞הּ דֶּ֤בֶר וָדָם֙ בְּח֣וּצֹותֶ֔יהָ וְנִפְלַ֤ל חָלָל֙ בְּתֹוכָ֔הּ בְּחֶ֥רֶב עָלֶ֖יהָ מִסָּבִ֑יב וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃

And I will send pestilence and blood into her streets, and the slain shall fall in her midst by the sword upon her all around; and they shall know that I am YHWH.

Morphology

1. וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי (ve-shillaḥti) – Root: שלח (shalakh); Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular with conjunction וְ; Translation: “and I will send”; Notes: Intensified form emphasizing divine initiative — a deliberate act of judgment.
2. בָהּ (bah) – Root: —; Form: Preposition בְּ + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “in her”; Notes: Refers to the city of Tsidon as the recipient of the calamity.
3. דֶּבֶר (dever) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “pestilence”; Notes: Refers to plague or epidemic — often a divine instrument of punishment.
4. וָדָם (va-dam) – Root: דם (dam); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and blood”; Notes: Symbol of violence, death, and divine retribution.
5. בְּחוּצֹותֶיהָ (be-ḥutsoteha) – Root: חוץ (ḥuts); Form: Preposition בְּ + plural noun construct + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “in her streets”; Notes: Indicates the public spaces where judgment unfolds.
6. וְנִפְלַל (ve-niflal) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction וְ; Translation: “and shall fall”; Notes: Passive form emphasizing the inevitable outcome — the slain falling by divine decree.
7. חָלָל (ḥalal) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “the slain”; Notes: Refers to those struck down in battle or judgment.
8. בְּתֹוכָהּ (be-tokhah) – Root: תוך (tokh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “in her midst”; Notes: Indicates the interior of the city, emphasizing complete penetration of destruction.
9. בְּחֶרֶב (be-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the sword”; Notes: Denotes violent death — another common symbol of divine punishment.
10. עָלֶיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: —; Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “upon her”; Notes: Suggests the encompassing reach of the attack against Tsidon.
11. מִסָּבִיב (mi-saviv) – Root: סבב (savav); Form: Preposition מִן + adverb; Translation: “all around”; Notes: Describes encirclement — siege imagery indicating total judgment.
12. וְיָדְעוּ (ve-yadʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with conjunction וְ; Translation: “and they shall know”; Notes: Formulaic prophetic expression of divine recognition following judgment.
13. כִּי־אֲנִי (ki-ani) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction + independent pronoun; Translation: “that I”; Notes: Introduces the purpose clause explaining the outcome of divine acts.
14. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God — the ultimate source of justice and judgment.