וְאֵ֛לֶּה תֹּולְדֹ֥ת יִצְחָ֖ק בֶּן־אַבְרָהָ֑ם אַבְרָהָ֖ם הֹולִ֥יד אֶת־יִצְחָֽק׃
And these are the generations of Yitsḥaq, son of Avraham: Avraham fathered Yitsḥaq.
Morphology
- וְאֵ֛לֶּה (ve’Eleh) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Conjunction + demonstrative pronoun, mp; Translation: “And these”; Notes: Introduces the list of genealogical records.
- תֹּולְדֹ֥ת (Toldot) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Noun, fp construct; Translation: “Generations”; Notes: Refers to the genealogical history.
- יִצְחָ֖ק (Yitsḥaq) – Root: צחק (ts-ḥ-q); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Yitsḥaq”; Notes: The central figure in this genealogical introduction.
- בֶּן־אַבְרָהָ֑ם (Ben-Avraham) – Root: בן (b-n) + אברהם (ʾ-v-r-h-m); Form: Construct chain, noun ms construct + proper noun; Translation: “Son of Avraham”; Notes: Identifies Yitsḥaq’s lineage.
- אַבְרָהָ֖ם (Avraham) – Root: אברהם (ʾ-v-r-h-m); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Avraham”; Notes: Repeated to emphasize the patriarch’s role.
- הֹולִ֥יד (Holid) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Hifil, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Fathered”; Notes: Indicates Avraham’s act of begetting Yitsḥaq.
- אֶת־יִצְחָֽק (et-Yitsḥaq) – Root: צחק (ts-ḥ-q); Form: Definite direct object marker + proper noun, ms; Translation: “Yitsḥaq”; Notes: Marks Yitsḥaq as the object of the verb.
Morphological Analysis
וְאֵ֛לֶּה (wəʾēlleh)
- Root: אלה (ʾlh)
- Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural
- Translation: “And these are”
תֹּולְדֹ֥ת (tôləḏôṯ)
- Root: ילד (yld)
- Form: Noun, feminine plural
- Translation: “generations” or “descendants”
יִצְחָ֖ק (yiṣḥāq)
- Root: יצחק (yṣḥq)
- Form: Proper noun, masculine singular
- Translation: “Isaac”
בֶּן־אַבְרָהָ֑ם (ben-ʾaḇrāhām)
- Root: בן (bn) + אברהם (ʾḇrhʾm)
- Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun
- Translation: “the son of Abraham”
אַבְרָהָ֖ם (ʾaḇrāhām)
- Root: אברהם (ʾḇrhʾm)
- Form: Proper noun, masculine singular
- Translation: “Abraham”
הֹולִ֥יד (hôlîḏ)
- Root: ילד (yld)
- Form: Hifil Perfect 3ms
- Translation: “begot” or “fathered”
אֶת־יִצְחָֽק (ʾeṯ-yiṣḥāq)
- Form: Direct object marker + proper noun
- Translation: “Isaac”
Syntax Analysis
The verse begins with the demonstrative pronoun וְאֵ֛לֶּה (“And these are”), introducing the genealogy. The subject תֹּולְדֹ֥ת (“generations”) refers to the lineage or descendants of Isaac. The phrase אַבְרָהָ֖ם הֹולִ֥יד אֶת־יִצְחָֽק (“Abraham begot Isaac”) emphasizes the paternal relationship, with the verb הֹולִ֥יד in the Hifil perfect form indicating causative action.
Grammatical Analysis
The Hifil form הֹולִ֥יד denotes causative action, showing Abraham as the active subject who fathered Isaac. The use of אֶת as the direct object marker highlights Isaac as the direct recipient of this action.
Lexical Semantics and Word Study
- תולדות (tôləḏôṯ): Refers to genealogical records or the lineage of a person.
- הוליד (hôlîḏ): In the Hifil form, implies “to father” or “beget,” indicating the act of procreation.
Textual Criticism
No significant textual variations are noted among major sources such as the Masoretic Text, the Septuagint, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Samaritan Targum, the Peshitta, the Vulgate, or the Old Latin versions. The consistency among these sources attests to the stable transmission of this verse.