וַתִּרְעַב֙ כָּל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיִּצְעַ֥ק הָעָ֛ם אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה לַלָּ֑חֶם וַיֹּ֨אמֶר פַּרְעֹ֤ה לְכָל־מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ לְכ֣וּ אֶל־יֹוסֵ֔ף אֲשֶׁר־יֹאמַ֥ר לָכֶ֖ם תַּעֲשֽׂוּ׃
And all the land of Mitsrayim was famished, and the people cried to Par’o for bread. And Par’o said to all Mitsrayim, “Go to Yosef; what he says to you, do.”
Morphology
- וַתִּרְעַב֙ (vatirav) – Root: רָעֵב (ra’av); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3fs; Translation: “And was famished”; Notes: Refers to the state of hunger in all Egypt.
- כָּל־אֶ֣רֶץ (kol-eretz) – Root: אֶרֶץ (eretz); Form: Noun, fs construct; Translation: “all the land of”; Notes: Refers to the entirety of Egypt experiencing hunger.
- מִצְרַ֔יִם (Mitzrayim) – Root: מִצְרַיִם (Mitzrayim); Form: Proper noun, fs; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Specifies Egypt as the affected region.
- וַיִּצְעַ֥ק (vayitz’ak) – Root: צָעַק (tsa’ak); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and cried out”; Notes: Describes the people’s cry for food.
- הָעָ֛ם (ha’am) – Root: עַם (am); Form: Noun, ms with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of Egypt.
- אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה (el-Par’oh) – Root: פַּרְעֹה (Par’oh); Form: Proper noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “to Pharaoh”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh as the recipient of the people’s cry.
- לַלָּ֑חֶם (la’lehem) – Root: לֶחֶם (lehem); Form: Noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “for bread”; Notes: Indicates the specific request for sustenance.
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אָמַר (amar); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and said”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh’s response to the people’s cry.
- פַּרְעֹ֤ה (Par’oh) – Root: פַּרְעֹה (Par’oh); Form: Proper noun, ms; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Pharaoh is the speaker, addressing the people of Egypt.
- לְכָל־מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ (le’khol-Mitzrayim) – Root: כֹּל (kol) + מִצְרַיִם (Mitzrayim); Form: Preposition + noun, fs; Translation: “to all of Egypt”; Notes: Pharaoh is addressing the entire population.
- לְכ֣וּ (lekhu) – Root: הָלַךְ (halakh); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2mp; Translation: “Go”; Notes: Pharaoh commands the people to go to Yosef.
- אֶל־יֹוסֵ֔ף (el-Yosef) – Root: יֹוסֵף (Yosef); Form: Proper noun, ms with preposition; Translation: “to Yosef”; Notes: Directs the people to Yosef for guidance.
- אֲשֶׁר־יֹאמַ֥ר (asher-yomar) – Root: אָמַר (amar); Form: Relative pronoun + verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “whatever he says”; Notes: Refers to Yosef’s forthcoming instructions.
- לָכֶ֖ם (lachem) – Form: Preposition with 2mp suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Addressed to the people receiving Yosef’s directions.
- תַּעֲשֽׂוּ (ta’asu) – Root: עָשָׂה (asah); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2mp; Translation: “do”; Notes: Command for the people to follow Yosef’s instructions.