מִ֤י בָכֶם֙ הַנִּשְׁאָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר רָאָה֙ אֶת־הַבַּ֣יִת הַזֶּ֔ה בִּכְבֹודֹ֖ו הָרִאשֹׁ֑ון וּמָ֨ה אַתֶּ֜ם רֹאִ֤ים אֹתֹו֙ עַ֔תָּה הֲלֹ֥וא כָמֹ֛הוּ כְּאַ֖יִן בְּעֵינֵיכֶֽם׃
‘Who among you is left who saw this house in its former glory, and how are you seeing it now? Is it not as nothing in your eyes?
Morphology
- מִי (mi) – Root: — (interrogative); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “who?”; Notes: Opens the rhetorical question.
- בָּכֶם (bakhem) – Root: כם (km); Form: Preposition בְּ + suffix 2mp; Translation: “among you”; Notes: Indicates the community addressed.
- הַנִּשְׁאָר (ha-nishʾar) – Root: שׁאר (shaʾar); Form: Definite Nifal participle masculine singular; Translation: “the one remaining”; Notes: Refers to elderly returnees who saw the First Temple.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: —; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “who / that”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- רָאָה (ra’ah) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “saw”; Notes: Past reference to the earlier Temple.
- אֶת־הַבַּיִת (et-ha-bayit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Direct object marker + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the house”; Notes: Refers to Solomon’s Temple.
- הַזֶּה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Identifies the current Temple structure.
- בִּכְבֹודֹו (bi-khevod-o) – Root: כבד (kaved); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “in its glory”; Notes: Refers to its former splendor and magnificence.
- הָרִאשֹׁון (ha-rishon) – Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the former”; Notes: Modifies the glory of the First Temple.
- וּמָה (u-mah) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction + interrogative pronoun; Translation: “and how?”; Notes: Introduces the contrastive question.
- אַתֶּם (atem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Directly addresses the audience.
- רֹאִים (ro’im) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “seeing”; Notes: Present perception of the new Temple.
- אֹתֹו (oto) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker + suffix 3ms; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers to the rebuilt Temple.
- עַתָּה (attah) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “now”; Notes: Marks temporal contrast with the former glory.
- הֲלֹוא (halo) – Root: —; Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “is it not?”; Notes: Introduces an expected “yes” rhetorical answer.
- כָּמֹהוּ (kamo-hu) – Root: כּם (km); Form: Preposition כְּ + pronoun 3ms; Translation: “as it”; Notes: Comparative expression.
- כְאַיִן (ke-ayin) – Root: אין (ayin); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun; Translation: “as nothing”; Notes: Strong rhetorical minimization.
- בְּעֵינֵיכֶם (be-ʿeineikhem) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine plural construct + suffix 2mp; Translation: “in your eyes”; Notes: Idiomatic: “in your estimation / judgment.”