Isaiah 3:13

נִצָּ֥ב לָרִ֖יב יְהוָ֑ה וְעֹמֵ֖ד לָדִ֥ין עַמִּֽים׃

YHWH stands to contend, and He stands to judge the peoples.

Morphology

1. נִצָּב (nitsav) – Root: נצב; Form: Nifal participle masculine singular; Translation: “stands” or “takes His stand”; Notes: Implies deliberate positioning, often for confrontation or authority.
2. לָרִיב (la-riv) – Root: ריב; Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to contend” or “to bring a lawsuit”; Notes: Legal imagery—YHWH as plaintiff or prosecutor.
3. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of both participles; acting in judgment.
4. וְעֹמֵד (ve-omed) – Root: עמד; Form: Conjunction + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “and stands”; Notes: Emphasizes readiness or firmness in action.
5. לָדִין (la-din) – Root: דין; Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to judge”; Notes: Judicial context—YHWH as judge pronouncing verdict.
6. עַמִּים (ʿammim) – Root: עם; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “peoples” or “nations”; Notes: Object of YHWH’s judgment—nations or groups under His authority.