הַעַל־אֵ֥לֶּה תִתְאַפַּ֖ק יְהוָ֑ה תֶּחֱשֶׁ֥ה וּתְעַנֵּ֖נוּ עַד־מְאֹֽד׃ ס
Over these things will You restrain Yourself, YHWH? Will You remain silent and afflict us very greatly?
Morphology
- הַעַל־ (ha-ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Interrogative prefix + preposition; Translation: “Over” or “concerning”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical question regarding the preceding disasters.
- אֵ֥לֶּה (elleh) – Root: —; Form: Demonstrative pronoun plural; Translation: “these things”; Notes: Refers to the destruction and desolation previously described.
- תִתְאַפַּ֖ק (titʾappaq) – Root: אפק (ʾapaq); Form: Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “will You restrain Yourself”; Notes: Conveys withholding emotion or action—divine self-restraint in face of tragedy.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Direct address to the covenant God.
- תֶּחֱשֶׁ֥ה (teḥesheh) – Root: חשׁה (ḥashah); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “will You remain silent”; Notes: Suggests inaction or unresponsiveness, viewed here as grievous.
- וּתְעַנֵּ֖נוּ (u-teʿannenu) – Root: ענה (ʿanah); Form: Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “and will You afflict us”; Notes: Piel intensifies the verb—points to sustained or severe affliction.
- עַד־מְאֹֽד (ʿad-meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Preposition + adverb; Translation: “very greatly”; Notes: Final phrase expressing extremity of suffering or judgment.