הַכֹּ֥ל סָר֮ יַחְדָּ֪ו נֶ֫אֱלָ֥חוּ אֵ֤ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֹ֑וב אֵ֝֗ין גַּם־אֶחָֽד׃
The all has turned aside. Together they have become corrupt. There is none doing good. There is not even one.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הַכֹּ֥ל | ha-kol | “the all” | Def. art. הַ + N(ms) |
| 2 | סָר֮ | sar | “has turned aside” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 3 | יַחְדָּ֪ו | yaḥdav | “together” | Adverb |
| 4 | נֶאֱלָ֥חוּ | neʾelaḥu | “they have become corrupt” | Nifal perfect 3cp |
| 5 | אֵ֤ין | ʾein | “there is none” | Negative existential particle |
| 6 | עֹֽשֵׂה־ | ʿoseh | “doing” | Qal participle ms construct |
| 7 | טֹ֑וב | tov | “good” | Adjective ms |
| 8 | אֵ֝֗ין | ʾein | “there is none” | Negative existential particle |
| 9 | גַּם־ | gam | “even” | Particle |
| 10 | אֶחָֽד׃ | ʾeḥad | “one” | Numeral ms |
Morphology
- הַכֹּ֥ל (ha-kol) – Root: כלל (k-l-l); Root Type: Geminate / Weak (III-Lamed assimilation in usage); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the all”; Notes: A collective noun referring to the totality of people.
- סָר֮ (sar) – Root: סור (sur); Root Type: Hollow (II-Waw); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has turned aside”; Notes: Describes moral deviation or departure from the proper path.
- יַחְדָּ֪ו (yaḥdav) – Root: יחד (y-ḥ-d); Root Type: Strong; Form: Adverb; Translation: “together”; Notes: Emphasizes collective corruption.
- נֶאֱלָ֥חוּ (neʾelaḥu) – Root: אלח (ʾ-l-ḥ); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Binyan: Nifal; Form: Perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they have become corrupt”; Notes: The Nifal expresses a passive or stative sense, indicating moral deterioration.
- אֵ֤ין (ʾein) – Root: none (lexical particle); Root Type: Indeclinable particle; Form: Negative existential particle; Translation: “there is none”; Notes: Introduces a categorical denial of the existence of the following action.
- עֹֽשֵׂה־ (ʿoseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Active participle masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “doing”; Notes: Functions substantivally, describing a person characterized by doing good.
- טֹ֑וב (tov) – Root: טוב (ṭov); Root Type: Hollow (II-Waw); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “good”; Notes: Refers to moral goodness or righteous behavior.
- אֵ֝֗ין (ʾein) – Root: none (lexical particle); Root Type: Indeclinable particle; Form: Negative existential particle; Translation: “there is none”; Notes: Repetition intensifies the universal negation.
- גַּם־ (gam) – Root: none (lexical particle); Root Type: Indeclinable particle; Form: Adverbial particle; Translation: “even”; Notes: Adds emphasis to the following numeral.
- אֶחָֽד׃ (ʾeḥad) – Root: אחד (ʾ-ḥ-d); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Form: Numeral masculine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Emphasizes the total absence of a righteous individual.