נַפְתָּלִ֗י לֹֽא־הֹורִ֞ישׁ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית־שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ וְאֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י בֵית־עֲנָ֔ת וַיֵּ֕שֶׁב בְּקֶ֥רֶב הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֤י בֵֽית־שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ וּבֵ֣ית עֲנָ֔ת הָי֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם לָמַֽס׃ ס
Naftali did not drive out the inhabitants of Beit-Shemesh nor the inhabitants of Beit-ʿAnat, but he dwelled among the Kenaʿani, the inhabitants of the land, and the inhabitants of Beit-Shemesh and Beit-ʿAnat became forced labor for them.
Morphology
- נַפְתָּלִ֗י (Naftali) – Root: נפתלי (Naftali); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Naftali”; Notes: Refers to the tribe of Naftali.
- לֹֽא־הֹורִ֞ישׁ (lo horish) – Root: ירש (yarash); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “did not drive out”; Notes: Indicates failure to remove the inhabitants.
- אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֤י (et-yoshvei) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “the inhabitants of”; Notes: Describes the settled people.
- בֵֽית־שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ (Beit-Shemesh) – Root: בית שמש (Beit-Shemesh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Beit-Shemesh”; Notes: A city in Naftali’s territory.
- וְאֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י (ve-et-yoshvei) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “nor the inhabitants of”; Notes: Continues the list of cities.
- בֵית־עֲנָ֔ת (Beit-ʿAnat) – Root: בית ענת (Beit-ʿAnat); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Beit-ʿAnat”; Notes: Another city in Naftali’s territory.
- וַיֵּ֕שֶׁב (vayyeshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “but he dwelled”; Notes: Refers to Naftali living among the Canaanites.
- בְּקֶ֥רֶב (be-qerev) – Root: קרב (qerev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “among”; Notes: Indicates cohabitation.
- הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י (ha-Kenaʿani) – Root: כנעני (Kenaʿani); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the Kenaʿani”; Notes: Refers to the Canaanite inhabitants.
- יֹשְׁבֵ֣י (yoshvei) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal participle, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the inhabitants of”; Notes: Describes the settled Canaanites.
- הָאָ֑רֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the region of settlement.
- וְיֹשְׁבֵ֤י (ve-yoshvei) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “and the inhabitants of”; Notes: Refers again to the cities mentioned.
- בֵֽית־שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ (Beit-Shemesh) – Root: בית שמש (Beit-Shemesh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Beit-Shemesh”; Notes: Repeated reference to the city.
- וּבֵ֣ית עֲנָ֔ת (u-Beit-ʿAnat) – Root: בית ענת (Beit-ʿAnat); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “and Beit-ʿAnat”; Notes: Another repeated reference.
- הָי֥וּ (hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “became”; Notes: Describes their fate under Naftali’s rule.
- לָהֶ֖ם (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for them”; Notes: Refers to Naftali.
- לָמַֽס׃ (lamas) – Root: מס (mas); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “forced labor”; Notes: Indicates subjugation.