וַיֹּסִ֣פוּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לַעֲשֹׂ֣ות הָרַע֮ בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָה֒ וַיַּעַבְד֣וּ אֶת־הַבְּעָלִ֣ים וְאֶת־הָעַשְׁתָּרֹ֡ות וְאֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲרָם֩ וְאֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֨י צִידֹ֜ון וְאֵ֣ת אֱלֹהֵ֣י מֹואָ֗ב וְאֵת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י בְנֵי־עַמֹּ֔ון וְאֵ֖ת אֱלֹהֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּעַזְב֥וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א עֲבָדֽוּהוּ׃
And the sons of Yisraʾel again did evil in the eyes of YHWH, and they served the Baʿalim and the ʿAshtarot and the gods of Aram and the gods of Tsidon and the gods of Moʾav and the gods of the sons of ʿAmmon and the gods of the Pelishtim, and they forsook YHWH and did not serve Him.
Morphology
- וַיֹּסִ֣פוּ (vayyosifu) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they again did”; Notes: Indicates a repeated action.
- בְּנֵ֣י (bene) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “sons of”; Notes: Construct form indicating possession.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The nation of Israel.
- לַעֲשֹׂ֣ות (laʿasot) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Expresses purpose or result.
- הָרַע֮ (haraʿ) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the evil”; Notes: Definite article “the” included.
- בְּעֵינֵ֣י (beʿeine) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun, dual construct; Translation: “in the eyes of”; Notes: Dual form indicating two eyes.
- יְהוָה֒ (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, the divine name.
- וַיַּעַבְד֣וּ (vayyaʿavdu) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they served”; Notes: Narrative past tense.
- אֶת־הַבְּעָלִ֣ים (et-habbaʿalim) – Root: בעל (baʿal); Form: Noun, masculine plural definite; Translation: “the Baʿalim”; Notes: Refers to the Canaanite deities.
- וְאֶת־הָעַשְׁתָּרֹ֡ות (ve-et-haʿashtarot) – Root: עשתרת (ʿAshtoret); Form: Noun, feminine plural definite; Translation: “the ʿAshtarot”; Notes: Refers to the Canaanite goddesses.
- וְאֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲרָם֩ (ve-et-elohei Aram) – Root: אלה (elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the gods of Aram”; Notes: Plural noun indicating multiple deities.
- וְאֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֨י צִידֹ֜ון (ve-et-elohei Tsidon) – Root: אלה (elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the gods of Tsidon”; Notes: Indicates the deities worshiped in Sidon.
- וְאֵ֣ת אֱלֹהֵ֣י מֹואָ֗ב (ve-et-elohei Moʾav) – Root: אלה (elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the gods of Moʾav”; Notes: Refers to the deities of Moab.
- וְאֵת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י בְנֵי־עַמֹּ֔ון (ve-et-elohei bene-ʿAmmon) – Root: אלה (elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the gods of the sons of ʿAmmon”; Notes: Refers to the Ammonite gods.
- וְאֵ֖ת אֱלֹהֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (ve-et-elohei Pelishtim) – Root: אלה (elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the gods of the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistine deities.
- וַיַּעַזְב֥וּ (vayyaʿazvu) – Root: עזב (ʿazav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they forsook”; Notes: Indicates abandonment.
- אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה (et-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- וְלֹ֥א עֲבָדֽוּהוּ׃ (velo ʿavaduhu) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with suffix; Translation: “and they did not serve Him”; Notes: The direct object pronoun indicates “Him” referring to YHWH.