וַיַּ֧עַל מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֛ה מִן־הַגִּלְגָּ֖ל אֶל־הַבֹּכִ֑ים פ וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אַעֲלֶ֨ה אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם וָאָבִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי֙ לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וָאֹמַ֕ר לֹֽא־אָפֵ֧ר בְּרִיתִ֛י אִתְּכֶ֖ם לְעֹולָֽם׃
And the angel of YHWH went up from the Gilgal to the Bokhim, and he said, “I brought you up from Mitsrayim and brought you into the land which I swore to your fathers, and I said, ‘I will never break My covenant with you forever.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֧עַל (vayyaʿal) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he went up”; Notes: Refers to the angel of YHWH ascending.
- מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֛ה (malʾakh-YHWH) – Root: מלאך (malʾakh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the angel of YHWH”; Notes: A divine messenger.
- מִן־הַגִּלְגָּ֖ל (min-ha-Gilgal) – Root: גלגל (Gilgal); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “from the Gilgal”; Notes: A location of historical significance.
- אֶל־הַבֹּכִ֑ים (el-ha-Bokhim) – Root: בכה (bakah); Form: Qal participle masculine plural definite with preposition; Translation: “to the Bokhim”; Notes: “Bokhim” means “weeping ones,” possibly a place of mourning.
- וַיֹּאמֶר֩ (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- אַעֲלֶ֨ה (aʿaleh) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Hifil imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will bring up”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s deliverance.
- אֶתְכֶ֜ם (etkhem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Direct object referring to the Israelites.
- מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם (mi-Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “from Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- וָאָבִ֤יא (va-avi) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 1st person singular; Translation: “and I brought”; Notes: Continues the act of divine deliverance.
- אֶתְכֶם֙ (etkhem) – Root: אתם (atem); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Direct object referring to the Israelites.
- אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ (el-ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite with preposition; Translation: “into the land”; Notes: Refers to the Promised Land.
- אֲשֶׁ֤ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces the clause regarding YHWH’s oath.
- נִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי֙ (nishbaʿti) – Root: שבע (shavaʿ); Form: Nifal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I swore”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s covenantal promise.
- לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם (la-avotekhem) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to your fathers”; Notes: Refers to the patriarchs.
- וָאֹמַ֕ר (va-omar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 1st person singular; Translation: “and I said”; Notes: Introduces YHWH’s statement.
- לֹֽא־אָפֵ֧ר (lo ʾafer) – Root: פרר (parar); Form: Hifil imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will not break”; Notes: Expresses divine commitment.
- בְּרִיתִ֛י (beriti) – Root: ברית (berit); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My covenant”; Notes: Refers to the agreement between YHWH and Israel.
- אִתְּכֶ֖ם (ittechem) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- לְעֹולָֽם׃ (le-ʿolam) – Root: עולם (ʿolam); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Expresses the eternal nature of the covenant.