וַיַּעַזְב֞וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹותָ֗ם הַמֹּוצִ֣יא אֹותָם֮ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֒ וַיֵּלְכ֞וּ אַחֲרֵ֣י אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֗ים מֵאֱלֹהֵ֤י הָֽעַמִּים֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ סְבִיבֹ֣ותֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיַּכְעִ֖סוּ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃
And they forsook YHWH, the God of their fathers, who brought them out of the land of Mitsrayim, and they walked after other gods, from the gods of the peoples who were around them, and they bowed down to them, and they provoked YHWH to anger.
Morphology
- וַיַּעַזְב֞וּ (vayyaʿazvu) – Root: עזב (ʿazav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they forsook”; Notes: Indicates abandonment of YHWH.
- אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה (et-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun with direct object marker; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The object of their abandonment.
- אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹותָ֗ם (Elohei-avotam) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah), אב (ʾav); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “the God of their fathers”; Notes: Refers to the ancestral deity.
- הַמֹּוצִ֣יא (ha-motsi) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “who brought out”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s action in delivering them.
- אֹותָם֮ (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֒ (me-ʾeretz Mitsrayim) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz), מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “out of the land of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to the Exodus.
- וַיֵּלְכ֞וּ (vayyeleku) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they walked”; Notes: Indicates following after false gods.
- אַחֲרֵ֣י (aḥarei) – Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Denotes pursuit or allegiance.
- אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֗ים (Elohim aḥerim) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah), אחר (aḥar); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with adjective; Translation: “other gods”; Notes: Refers to foreign deities.
- מֵאֱלֹהֵ֤י הָֽעַמִּים֙ (me-Elohei ha-ʿamim) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah), עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “from the gods of the peoples”; Notes: Specifies the origin of the false gods.
- אֲשֶׁר֙ (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a descriptive clause.
- סְבִיבֹ֣ותֵיהֶ֔ם (sevivoteihem) – Root: סביב (saviv); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “around them”; Notes: Refers to neighboring nations.
- וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ (vayyi-shtaḥavu) – Root: שׁחה (shaḥah); Form: Hishtafel wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they bowed down”; Notes: Act of worship or submission.
- לָהֶ֑ם (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the false gods.
- וַיַּכְעִ֖סוּ (vayyakʿisu) – Root: כעס (kaʿas); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they provoked to anger”; Notes: Indicates displeasure towards YHWH.
- אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃ (et-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun with direct object marker; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The object of their provocation.