וַתְּהִ֨י עָלָ֥יו רֽוּחַ־יְהוָה֮ וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֣ט אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיֵּצֵא֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיִּתֵּ֤ן יְהוָה֙ בְּיָדֹ֔ו אֶת־כּוּשַׁ֥ן רִשְׁעָתַ֖יִם מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֑ם וַתָּ֣עָז יָדֹ֔ו עַ֖ל כּוּשַׁ֥ן רִשְׁעָתָֽיִם׃
And the Spirit of YHWH was upon him, and he judged Yisraʾel, and he went out to war, and YHWH gave into his hand Kushan-Rishʿatayim, king of Aram, and his hand prevailed against Kushan-Rishʿatayim.
Morphology
- וַתְּהִ֨י (vattehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Refers to the Spirit of YHWH coming upon him.
- עָלָ֥יו (ʿalayv) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon him”; Notes: Indicates divine empowerment.
- רֽוּחַ־יְהוָה֮ (ruaḥ-YHWH) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “the Spirit of YHWH”; Notes: Denotes divine inspiration.
- וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֣ט (vayyishpoṭ) – Root: שפט (shafaṭ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he judged”; Notes: Refers to leadership and governance.
- אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ (et-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun with direct object marker; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The nation being led.
- וַיֵּצֵא֙ (vayyetse) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he went out”; Notes: Indicates leading in battle.
- לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה (la-milḥamah) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “to war”; Notes: The conflict led by the judge.
- וַיִּתֵּ֤ן (vayitten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He gave”; Notes: Describes divine intervention.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject, acting on behalf of Yisraʾel.
- בְּיָדֹ֔ו (be-yado) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with preposition and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “into his hand”; Notes: Indicates victory.
- אֶת־כּוּשַׁ֥ן רִשְׁעָתַ֖יִם (et-Kushan-Rishʿatayim) – Root: Unknown; Form: Proper noun with direct object marker; Translation: “Kushan-Rishʿatayim”; Notes: The defeated king.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֑ם (melekh Aram) – Root: מלך (melekh), ארם (Aram); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with proper noun; Translation: “king of Aram”; Notes: Identifies his rulership.
- וַתָּ֣עָז (vattāʿaz) – Root: עזז (ʿazaz); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And it prevailed”; Notes: Refers to the strengthening of his hand.
- יָדֹ֔ו (yado) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his hand”; Notes: Symbolizes power.
- עַ֖ל כּוּשַׁ֥ן רִשְׁעָתָֽיִם (ʿal Kushan-Rishʿatayim) – Root: Unknown; Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “against Kushan-Rishʿatayim”; Notes: Indicates his victory over the enemy king.