Judges 3:27

וַיְהִ֣י בְּבֹואֹ֔ו וַיִּתְקַ֥ע בַּשֹּׁופָ֖ר בְּהַ֣ר אֶפְרָ֑יִם וַיֵּרְד֨וּ עִמֹּ֧ו בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִן־הָהָ֖ר וְה֥וּא לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃

And it came to pass when he arrived, that he blew the trumpet in the hill country of Efrayim, and the sons of Yisraʾel went down with him from the mountain, and he was before them.

Morphology

1. וַיְהִ֣י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: A common narrative introduction.
2. בְּבֹואֹ֔ו (bevoʾo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he arrived”; Notes: Describes the time of action.
3. וַיִּתְקַ֥ע (vayyitqaʿ) – Root: תקע (taqaʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he blew”; Notes: Refers to the act of sounding the trumpet.
4. בַּשֹּׁופָ֖ר (bashshofar) – Root: שופר (shofar); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the trumpet”; Notes: A ram’s horn used for signaling.
5. בְּהַ֣ר אֶפְרָ֑יִם (behar Ephrayim) – Root: הר (har), אפרים (Ephrayim); Form: Noun, masculine singular with proper noun; Translation: “in the hill country of Ephrayim”; Notes: Specifies the location.
6. וַיֵּרְד֨וּ (vayyeredu) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they went down”; Notes: Indicates descent from the mountain.
7. עִמֹּ֧ו (ʿimmo) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with him”; Notes: Refers to accompaniment.
8. בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל (bene-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (ben), ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the sons of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
9. מִן־הָהָ֖ר (min-hahar) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “from the mountain”; Notes: Indicates direction.
10. וְה֥וּא (vehu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he”; Notes: Refers to Ehud.
11. לִפְנֵיהֶֽם (lifneihem) – Root: פני (panim); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “before them”; Notes: Indicates leadership position.