וַיִּדַּ֧ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מְאֹ֖ד מִפְּנֵ֣י מִדְיָ֑ן וַיִּזְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃ פ
And Yisraʾel was greatly impoverished because of Midyan, and the sons of Yisraʾel cried out to YHWH.
Morphology
- וַיִּדַּ֧ל (va-yiddal) – Root: דלל (dalal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And was impoverished”; Notes: Indicates extreme suffering or weakening.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel.
- מְאֹ֖ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “greatly”; Notes: Emphasizes the severity of their condition.
- מִפְּנֵ֣י (mipnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition; Translation: “because of”; Notes: Indicates the cause of their suffering.
- מִדְיָ֑ן (Midyan) – Root: מדין (Midyan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Midyan”; Notes: Refers to the Midianites as the oppressors.
- וַיִּזְעֲק֥וּ (va-yizʿaqu) – Root: זעק (zaʿaq); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And they cried out”; Notes: Expresses desperation.
- בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (benei-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (ben) + ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the sons of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃ (el-YHWH) – Root: אל (ʾel) + יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Shows their appeal to the divine.