וַיַּ֛חַץ אֶת־שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵאֹ֥ות הָאִ֖ישׁ שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה רָאשִׁ֑ים וַיִּתֵּ֨ן שֹׁופָרֹ֤ות בְּיַד־כֻּלָּם֙ וְכַדִּ֣ים רֵקִ֔ים וְלַפִּדִ֖ים בְּתֹ֥וךְ הַכַּדִּֽים׃
And he divided the three hundred men into three companies, and he put trumpets in the hand of all of them, and empty jars, and torches inside the jars.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֛חַץ (vayyaḥats) – Root: חצה (ḥ-ts-h); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he divided”; Notes: Indicates an action performed sequentially in narrative.
- אֶת־שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵאֹ֥ות (ʾet-shalosh-meʾot) – Root: שלש (sh-l-sh), מאה (m-ʾ-h); Form: Number; Translation: “the three hundred”; Notes: Refers to the number of warriors.
- הָאִ֖ישׁ (haʾish) – Root: איש (ʾ-ʾ-sh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the men”; Notes: Collective singular for the group of warriors.
- שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה (shelosha) – Root: שלש (sh-l-sh); Form: Number; Translation: “three”; Notes: Refers to the division into three parts.
- רָאשִׁ֑ים (roshim) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “heads/companies”; Notes: Can mean ‘divisions’ in a military sense.
- וַיִּתֵּ֨ן (vayyiten) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he put”; Notes: Indicates a completed action in narrative.
- שֹׁופָרֹ֤ות (shofarot) – Root: שופר (sh-p-r); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “trumpets”; Notes: Refers to ram’s horns used for signaling.
- בְּיַד־כֻּלָּם֙ (beyad-kulam) – Root: יד (y-d), כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + noun, singular construct + plural suffix; Translation: “in the hand of all of them”; Notes: Indicates personal possession.
- וְכַדִּ֣ים (ve-kadim) – Root: כד (k-d); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and jars”; Notes: Containers used to conceal the torches.
- רֵקִ֔ים (reqim) – Root: ריק (r-y-q); Form: Adjective, masculine plural; Translation: “empty”; Notes: Describes the state of the jars.
- וְלַפִּדִ֖ים (ve-lappidim) – Root: לפיד (l-p-y-d); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and torches”; Notes: Used as concealed light sources.
- בְּתֹ֥וךְ (betokh) – Root: תוך (t-w-k); Form: Preposition; Translation: “inside”; Notes: Specifies location.
- הַכַּדִּֽים (ha-kadim) – Root: כד (k-d); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the jars”; Notes: Refers to the previously mentioned empty jars.