Judges 7:22

וַֽיִּתְקְעוּ֮ שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵאֹ֣ות הַשֹּׁופָרֹות֒ וַיָּ֣שֶׂם יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣ת חֶ֥רֶב אִ֛ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֖הוּ וּבְכָל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיָּ֨נָס הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֜ה עַד־בֵּ֤ית הַשִּׁטָּה֙ צְֽרֵרָ֔תָה עַ֛ד שְׂפַת־אָבֵ֥ל מְחֹולָ֖ה עַל־טַבָּֽת׃

And the three hundred blew the trumpets, and YHWH set the sword of each man against his companion and throughout the entire camp, and the camp fled as far as the Beit-shitta, toward Tserera, as far as the border of Avel-meḥola by Tabbat.

 

Morphology

  1. וַֽיִּתְקְעוּ֮ (va-yitqəʿu) – Root: תקע (t-q-ʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they blew”; Notes: Refers to the sounding of the trumpets.
  2. שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵאֹ֣ות (shelosh-meʾot) – Root: שלש (sh-l-sh); Form: Numeral, construct; Translation: “three hundred”; Notes: Specifies the number of men blowing the trumpets.
  3. הַשֹּׁופָרֹות֒ (ha-shofarot) – Root: שופר (sh-w-p-r); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the trumpets”; Notes: The instruments used to signal battle.
  4. וַיָּ֣שֶׂם (va-yasem) – Root: שים (s-y-m); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And set”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s action in causing confusion.
  5. יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, referring to the God of Yisraʾel.
  6. אֵ֣ת חֶ֥רֶב (et ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥ-r-b); Form: Direct object marker + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the sword”; Notes: Refers to weapons turning against each other.
  7. אִ֛ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾ-ʾ-sh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Each soldier in the Midianite camp.
  8. בְּרֵעֵ֖הוּ (bə-reʿehu) – Root: רע (r-ʿ); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against his companion”; Notes: Describes the infighting.
  9. וּבְכָל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה (u-ḇə-khol-ha-maḥaneh) – Root: מחנה (m-ḥ-n-h); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “and throughout the entire camp”; Notes: Indicates widespread chaos.
  10. וַיָּ֨נָס (va-yanas) – Root: נוס (n-w-s); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And fled”; Notes: The Midianite forces retreating.
  11. הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֜ה (ha-maḥaneh) – Root: מחנה (m-ḥ-n-h); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the camp”; Notes: Refers to the Midianite army.
  12. עַד־בֵּ֤ית הַשִּׁטָּה֙ (ʿad-Beit ha-Shittah) – Root: בית (b-y-t) + שטה (sh-ṭ-h); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “as far as Beit-ha-Shittah”; Notes: A location to which they fled.
  13. צְֽרֵרָ֔תָה (Tsereratah) – Root: צָרַר (ts-r-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Tsererah”; Notes: Another place marking the extent of the flight.
  14. עַ֛ד שְׂפַת־אָבֵ֥ל מְחֹולָ֖ה (ʿad səfat-Avel-Meḥolah) – Root: שפה (s-p-h) + אבל (ʾ-v-l) + מחולה (m-ḥ-w-l); Form: Preposition + noun construct; Translation: “as far as the border of Avel-Meḥolah”; Notes: A region near the Jordan Valley.
  15. עַל־טַבָּֽת׃ (ʿal-Tabbat) – Root: טבת (ṭ-b-t); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “by Tabbat”; Notes: Another reference point marking the Midianites’ retreat.

 

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