Joel 4:17 (Joel 3:17)

וִֽידַעְתֶּ֗ם כִּ֣י אֲנִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם שֹׁכֵ֖ן בְּצִיֹּ֣ון הַר־קָדְשִׁ֑י וְהָיְתָ֤ה יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ קֹ֔דֶשׁ וְזָרִ֥ים לֹא־יַֽעַבְרוּ־בָ֖הּ עֹֽוד׃

And you shall know that I am YHWH your God, dwelling in Tsiyon My holy mountain, and Yerushalayim shall be holy, and strangers shall not pass through her anymore.

Morphology

1. וִֽידַעְתֶּ֗ם (vi-yidaʿtem) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall know”; Notes: Expresses realization or acknowledgment resulting from divine revelation or action.
2. כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a clause explaining what the people will come to know.
3. אֲנִ֤י (ʾani) – Root: —; Form: Independent personal pronoun 1st person common singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes the personal nature of YHWH’s self-identification.
4. יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God, signifying His personal relationship with Yisraʾel.
5. אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם (ʾeloheikhem) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Expresses possession and covenantal belonging.
6. שֹׁכֵ֖ן (shokhen) – Root: שׁכן (shakhan); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “dwelling”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s abiding presence among His people, implying permanence and intimacy.
7. בְּצִיֹּ֣ון (be-Tsiyon) – Root: ציון (Tsiyon); Form: Preposition בְּ + proper noun; Translation: “in Tsiyon”; Notes: Refers to Mount Zion, the center of divine presence and kingship.
8. הַר־קָדְשִׁ֑י (har-qodshi) – Root: הר (har) / קדשׁ (qadash); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine singular with suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “My holy mountain”; Notes: Identifies the sacred dwelling place of YHWH’s presence.
9. וְהָיְתָ֤ה (ve-hayetah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and shall be”; Notes: Indicates a future state or condition resulting from YHWH’s dwelling.
10. יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים (Yerushalayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: The holy city, central to divine revelation and the symbol of restored holiness.
11. קֹ֔דֶשׁ (qodesh) – Root: קדשׁ (qadash); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “holy”; Notes: Designates sacredness or separation for divine purpose; indicates transformation and purity of the city.
12. וְזָרִ֥ים (ve-zarim) – Root: זור (zur); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and strangers”; Notes: Refers to foreigners or outsiders not belonging to the covenant community.
13. לֹא־יַֽעַבְרוּ־בָ֖הּ (lo-yaʿavru-vah) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Negative particle לֹא + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + preposition בְּ + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “shall not pass through her”; Notes: Denotes prohibition—foreigners or defiled elements will no longer invade or corrupt the sanctity of the city.
14. עֹֽוד׃ (ʿod) – Root: עוד (ʿod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “anymore”; Notes: Expresses finality and permanence of the purified state of Yerushalayim.