הַזְכִּ֣ירוּ לַגֹּויִ֗ם הִנֵּה֙ הַשְׁמִ֣יעוּ עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם נֹצְרִ֥ים בָּאִ֖ים מֵאֶ֣רֶץ הַמֶּרְחָ֑ק וַֽיִּתְּנ֛וּ עַל־עָרֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה קֹולָֽם׃
“Make it known among the nations, behold, proclaim concerning Yerushalayim: ‘Watchers are coming from a distant land, and they have raised their voice against the cities of Yehuda.
Morphology
- הַזְכִּ֣ירוּ (hazkiru) – Root: זכר (zakhar); Form: Hifil imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Make known”; Notes: Causative command directed to a group—summoning public proclamation.
- לַגֹּויִ֗ם (la-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition לְ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “to the nations”; Notes: Refers to Gentile peoples—external observers or participants.
- הִנֵּה֙ (hinneh) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Introduces a dramatic or urgent announcement.
- הַשְׁמִ֣יעוּ (hashmiʿu) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Hifil imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Proclaim” or “make heard”; Notes: Call to broadcast the message audibly.
- עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם (ʿal-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים; Form: Preposition עַל + proper noun; Translation: “concerning Yerushalayim”; Notes: Indicates the subject or target of the proclamation.
- נֹצְרִ֥ים (notserim) – Root: נצר (natsar); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “watchers” or “guards”; Notes: Likely hostile forces setting siege or surveillance.
- בָּאִ֖ים (baʾim) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are coming”; Notes: Ongoing action emphasizing the imminent threat.
- מֵאֶ֣רֶץ (me-ʾerets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular; Translation: “from a land”; Notes: Denotes origin of the invaders.
- הַמֶּרְחָ֑ק (ha-merḥaq) – Root: רחק (raḥaq); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the distance” or “far away”; Notes: Emphasizes the foreign and remote nature of the threat.
- וַיִּתְּנ֛וּ (vayittenu) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they gave” or “they raised”; Notes: Idiomatic for lifting up the voice.
- עַל־עָרֵ֥י (ʿal-ʿarei) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Preposition עַל + construct noun plural; Translation: “against the cities of”; Notes: Refers to the urban centers of Yehudah as targets.
- יְהוּדָ֖ה (Yehudah) – Root: יהודה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Southern kingdom—recipient of divine warning or invasion.
- קֹולָֽם (qolam) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their voice”; Notes: Refers to cries, battle-shouts, or proclamation of the enemies.