Joshua 15:2

וַיְהִ֤י לָהֶם֙ גְּב֣וּל נֶ֔גֶב מִקְצֵ֖ה יָ֣ם הַמֶּ֑לַח מִן־הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן הַפֹּנֶ֥ה נֶֽגְבָּה׃

And their southern border was from the extremity of the Salt Sea, from the tongue that turns southward.

Morphology

1. וַיְהִ֤י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Introduces narrative.
2. לָהֶם֙ (lahem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the tribe receiving the land.
3. גְּב֣וּל (gevul) – Root: גבול (gevul); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “border”; Notes: Describes the boundary.
4. נֶ֔גֶב (Negev) – Root: נגב (Negev); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “south”; Notes: Indicates direction.
5. מִקְצֵ֖ה (miqtseh) – Root: קצה (qatseh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “from the extremity of”; Notes: Specifies the boundary’s end.
6. יָ֣ם (yam) – Root: ים (yam); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “sea”; Notes: Refers to a body of water.
7. הַמֶּ֑לַח (ha-melaḥ) – Root: מלח (melaḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the Salt”; Notes: Refers to the Salt Sea (Dead Sea).
8. מִן־הַלָּשֹׁ֖ן (min-ha-lashon) – Root: לשון (lashon); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “from the tongue”; Notes: Refers to a tongue-like extension of the sea.
9. הַפֹּנֶ֥ה (ha-poneh) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular, definite; Translation: “that turns”; Notes: Describes movement or direction.
10. נֶֽגְבָּה׃ (negbah) – Root: נגב (Negev); Form: Adverbial direction; Translation: “southward”; Notes: Specifies orientation.