וַיִּצְעֲק֣וּ אֶל־יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּ֨שֶׂם מַֽאֲפֵ֜ל בֵּינֵיכֶ֣ם וּבֵ֣ין הַמִּצְרִ֗ים וַיָּבֵ֨א עָלָ֤יו אֶת־הַיָּם֙ וַיְכַסֵּ֔הוּ וַתִּרְאֶ֨ינָה֙ עֵינֵיכֶ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂ֖יתִי בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם וַתֵּשְׁב֥וּ בַמִּדְבָּ֖ר יָמִ֥ים רַבִּֽים׃
And they cried out to YHWH, and He put darkness between you and the Mitsrim, and He brought the sea upon them and covered them, and your eyes saw what I did in Mitsrayim, and you dwelt in the wilderness many days.
Morphology
- וַיִּצְעֲק֣וּ (va-yitsʿaqu) – Root: צעק (tsaʿaq); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they cried out”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites’ plea for help.
- אֶל־יְהוָ֗ה (el-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Indicates prayer or plea.
- וַיָּ֨שֶׂם (va-yasem) – Root: שם (sam); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He put”; Notes: Describes divine action.
- מַֽאֲפֵ֜ל (maʾafel) – Root: אפל (ʾafel); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “darkness”; Notes: Indicates separation.
- בֵּינֵיכֶ֣ם (beineikhem) – Root: בין (bein); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “between you”; Notes: Refers to Israel.
- וּבֵ֣ין הַמִּצְרִ֗ים (u-vein ha-Mitsrim) – Root: מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “and between the Mitsrim”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptians.
- וַיָּבֵ֨א (va-yave) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Hifil imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He brought”; Notes: Indicates divine intervention.
- עָלָ֤יו (ʿalav) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptians.
- אֶת־הַיָּם֙ (et-ha-yam) – Root: ים (yam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the sea”; Notes: Refers to the Sea of Suf.
- וַיְכַסֵּ֔הוּ (va-yekhassehu) – Root: כסה (kasah); Form: Piel imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and covered them”; Notes: Describes divine judgment.
- וַתִּרְאֶ֨ינָה֙ (va-tirʾeina) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person feminine plural; Translation: “and your eyes saw”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites witnessing the event.
- עֵינֵיכֶ֔ם (eineikhem) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun, dual construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your eyes”; Notes: Specifies the witnesses.
- אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂ֖יתִי (et asher-ʿasiti) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “what I did”; Notes: Refers to divine acts.
- בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם (be-Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “in Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- וַתֵּשְׁב֥וּ (va-teshvu) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you dwelt”; Notes: Describes settlement.
- בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר (ba-midbar) – Root: מדבר (midbar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Refers to the desert wanderings.
- יָמִ֥ים רַבִּֽים׃ (yamim rabbim) – Root: יום (yom), רב (rav); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with adjective; Translation: “many days”; Notes: Indicates a long duration.