וַיְהִ֣י כְּכַלֹּ֣ות יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל לַהֲרֹג֩ אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י הָעַ֜י בַּשָּׂדֶ֗ה בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רְדָפ֣וּם בֹּ֔ו וַֽיִּפְּל֥וּ כֻלָּ֛ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב עַד־תֻּמָּ֑ם וַיָּשֻׁ֤בוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הָעַ֔י וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֹתָ֖הּ לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃
And it was when Yisraʾel had finished killing all the inhabitants of ʿAi in the field, in the wilderness where they pursued them, and they all fell by the edge of the sword until they were consumed, that all Yisraʾel returned to ʿAi and struck it with the edge of the sword.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֣י (vayhi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it was”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- כְּכַלֹּ֣ות (ke-khalot) – Root: כלה (kalah); Form: Piel infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “when finishing”; Notes: Marks the completion of an action.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation.
- לַהֲרֹג֩ (laharog) – Root: הרג (harag); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to kill”; Notes: Purpose of the action.
- אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י (et-khol-yoshvei) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Participle, masculine plural construct with direct object marker; Translation: “all the inhabitants of”; Notes: Direct object.
- הָעַ֜י (haʿay) – Root: עי (ʿay); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Haʿay”; Notes: The city involved.
- בַּשָּׂדֶ֗ה (ba-sadeh) – Root: שדה (sadeh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the field”; Notes: Location of the action.
- בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ (ba-midbar) – Root: מדבר (midbar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Another location descriptor.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “where”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- רְדָפ֣וּם (redafum) – Root: רדף (radaf); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “they pursued them”; Notes: Action performed by Yisraʾel.
- בֹּ֔ו (bo) – Root: בו (bo); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in it”; Notes: Refers to the wilderness.
- וַֽיִּפְּל֥וּ (vayyiplu) – Root: נפל (naphal); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they fell”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of Haʿay.
- כֻלָּ֛ם (kullam) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine plural with suffix; Translation: “all of them”; Notes: Emphasizes completeness.
- לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב (lefi-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “by the edge of the sword”; Notes: Describes the manner of their death.
- עַד־תֻּמָּ֑ם (ʿad-tummam) – Root: תם (tamam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition and suffix; Translation: “until they were consumed”; Notes: Indicates total destruction.
- וַיָּשֻׁ֤בוּ (vayyashuvu) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they returned”; Notes: Describes the return of Yisraʾel.
- כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (khol-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with quantifier; Translation: “all Yisraʾel”; Notes: The entire nation.
- הָעַ֔י (haʿay) – Root: עי (ʿay); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Haʿay”; Notes: The city they returned to.
- וַיַּכּ֥וּ (vayyakku) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they struck down”; Notes: Action of attacking the city.
- אֹתָ֖הּ (otah) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers to the city.
- לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃ (lefi-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “by the edge of the sword”; Notes: Describes the method of destruction.