Leviticus 17:15

וְכָל־נֶ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאכַ֤ל נְבֵלָה֙ וּטְרֵפָ֔ה בָּאֶזְרָ֖ח וּבַגֵּ֑ר וְכִבֶּ֨ס בְּגָדָ֜יו וְרָחַ֥ץ בַּמַּ֛יִם וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעֶ֖רֶב וְטָהֵֽר׃

And any soul who eats a carcass or that which is torn, whether a native or a sojourner, shall wash their clothes, bathe in water, and be unclean until the evening; then they shall be clean.

Morphology

1. וְכָל־נֶ֗פֶשׁ (ve-kol-nefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “And any soul”; Notes: Refers to any individual.
2. אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a qualifying clause.
3. תֹּאכַ֤ל (to’akhal) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “Eats”; Notes: Describes the action of consuming.
4. נְבֵלָה֙ (nevelah) – Root: נבל (n-b-l); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “A carcass”; Notes: Refers to an animal that died naturally or by non-kosher means.
5. וּטְרֵפָ֔ה (u-trefah) – Root: טרף (t-r-p); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “That which is torn”; Notes: Refers to an animal killed by predation.
6. בָּאֶזְרָ֖ח (ba-ezrach) – Root: זרח (z-r-ḥ); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “Among the native-born”; Notes: Refers to an Israelite citizen.
7. וּבַגֵּ֑ר (u-va-ger) – Root: גר (g-r); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “And the sojourner”; Notes: Refers to a non-native residing among the Israelites.
8. וְכִבֶּ֨ס (ve-kibbes) – Root: כבס (k-b-s); Form: Conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall wash”; Notes: Refers to washing garments as a purification act.
9. בְּגָדָ֜יו (begadav) – Root: בגד (b-g-d); Form: Noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His clothes”; Notes: Refers to the individual’s garments.
10. וְרָחַ֥ץ (ve-raḥatz) – Root: רחץ (r-ḥ-ts); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And bathe”; Notes: Refers to immersion in water.
11. בַּמַּ֛יִם (ba-mayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “In water”; Notes: Specifies the means of cleansing.
12. וְטָמֵ֥א (ve-tame) – Root: טמא (t-m-ʾ); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And shall be unclean”; Notes: Describes the temporary state of impurity.
13. עַד־הָעֶ֖רֶב (ad-ha-erev) – Root: ערב (ʿ-r-v); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Until the evening”; Notes: Specifies the duration of impurity.
14. וְטָהֵֽר (ve-taher) – Root: טהר (t-h-r); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he shall be clean”; Notes: Indicates the restored state after the ritual.