כִּֽי־בֵן֙ מְנַבֵּ֣ל אָ֔ב בַּ֚ת קָמָ֣ה בְאִמָּ֔הּ כַּלָּ֖ה בַּחֲמֹתָ֑הּ אֹיְבֵ֥י אִ֖ישׁ אַנְשֵׁ֥י בֵיתֹֽו׃
For son disgraces father, daughter rises against her mother, daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law; the enemies of a man are the men of his own house.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the warning.
- בֵּן (ben) — Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “son”; Notes: Begins a triad of broken family relationships.
- מְנַבֵּל (menabbel) — Root: נבל (n-b-l); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “disgraces”; Notes: Intensive stem—actively brings shame.
- אָב (av) — Root: אב (ʾ-v); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “father”; Notes: Direct object of “disgraces.”
- בַּת (bat) — Root: בת (b-t); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “daughter”; Notes: Second relational breakdown.
- קָמָה (qamah) — Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Qal perfect 3fs; Translation: “has risen”; Notes: Acts in hostility or rebellion.
- בְּאִמָּהּ (be-immāh) — Root: אם (ʾ-m); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 3fs; Translation: “against her mother”; Notes: Preposition indicates opposition.
- כַּלָּה (kallah) — Root: כלה (k-l-h); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “daughter-in-law”; Notes: Third example of fractured family bonds.
- בַּחֲמֹתָהּ (ba-ḥamotah) — Root: חמה (ḥ-m-h); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 3fs; Translation: “against her mother-in-law”; Notes: Intensifies domestic conflict.
- אֹיְבֵי (oyvei) — Root: איב (ʾ-y-v); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “enemies of”; Notes: Introduces the final summary clause.
- אִישׁ (ish) — Root: אישׁ (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Generic individual.
- אַנְשֵׁי (anshei) — Root: אישׁ (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the men of”; Notes: Construct linking to household.
- בֵיתוֹ (veito) — Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “his house”; Notes: Closest relational circle turned hostile.