Numbers 20:20

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹ֣א תַעֲבֹ֑ר וַיֵּצֵ֤א אֱדֹום֙ לִקְרָאתֹ֔ו בְּעַ֥ם כָּבֵ֖ד וּבְיָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה׃

And he said, “You shall not pass.” And Edom came out against him with a heavy force and a strong hand.

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֖אמֶר (vayyo’mer) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Refers to Edom’s refusal.
2. לֹ֣א תַעֲבֹ֑ר (lo ta’avor) – Root: עבר (avar); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You shall not pass”; Notes: A direct prohibition.
3. וַיֵּצֵ֤א (vayyetse) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he came out”; Notes: Refers to Edom’s action of confronting Yisra’el.
4. אֱדֹום֙ (Edom) – Root: אדם (edom); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Edom”; Notes: Refers to the nation descended from Esau.
5. לִקְרָאתֹ֔ו (likrato) – Root: קרה (qarah); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine singular construct and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to meet him”; Notes: Indicates a confrontation.
6. בְּעַ֥ם (be’am) – Root: עם (am); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “with a force”; Notes: Refers to Edom’s gathered people.
7. כָּבֵ֖ד (kaved) – Root: כבד (kaved); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “heavy”; Notes: Describes the strength of the force.
8. וּבְיָ֥ד (uveyad) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Conjunction with noun, feminine singular; Translation: “and with a hand”; Notes: Indicates power or strength.
9. חֲזָקָֽה׃ (chazakah) – Root: חזק (chazaq); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “strong”; Notes: Emphasizes the forcefulness of Edom’s opposition.