וּלְאֶבְיָתָ֨ר הַכֹּהֵ֜ן אָמַ֣ר הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ עֲנָתֹת֙ לֵ֣ךְ עַל־שָׂדֶ֔יךָ כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ מָ֖וֶת אָ֑תָּה וּבַיֹּ֨ום הַזֶּ֜ה לֹ֣א אֲמִיתֶ֗ךָ כִּֽי־נָשָׂ֜אתָ אֶת־אֲרֹ֨ון אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהֹוִה֙ לִפְנֵי֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔י וְכִ֣י הִתְעַנִּ֔יתָ בְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־הִתְעַנָּ֖ה אָבִֽי׃
And to Evyatar the priest the king said, “Go to ʿAnatot to your fields, for you are a man of death. But on this day I will not put you to death, because you bore the Ark of the Lord YHWH before Dawid my father, and because you afflicted yourself in all in which my father was afflicted.”
Morphology
- וּלְאֶבְיָתָ֨ר (u-le-Evyatar) – Root: אביתר; Form: Conjunction + preposition + proper noun; Translation: “And to Evyatar”; Notes: Indirect object of the verb “said.”
- הַכֹּהֵ֜ן (ha-kohen) – Root: כהן; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the priest”; Notes: Apposition to Evyatar.
- אָמַ֣ר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Main verb introducing direct speech.
- הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Subject of “said.”
- עֲנָתֹת֙ (ʿAnatot) – Root: ענתות; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “ʿAnatot”; Notes: A Levitical city, Evyatar’s hometown.
- לֵ֣ךְ (lekh) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Go”; Notes: Command to Evyatar.
- עַל־שָׂדֶ֔יךָ (ʿal-sadekha) – Root: שדה; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to your fields”; Notes: Indicates return to personal land.
- כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason.
- אִ֥ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the predicate “of death.”
- מָ֖וֶת (mavet) – Root: מות; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “of death”; Notes: Genitive relationship: “man deserving death.”
- אָ֑תָּה (attah) – Root: אתה; Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphatic pronoun.
- וּבַיֹּ֨ום הַזֶּ֜ה (u-va-yom ha-zeh) – Root: יום, זה; Form: Conjunction + preposition + definite noun + demonstrative adjective; Translation: “but on this day”; Notes: Temporal phrase setting timeframe.
- לֹ֣א אֲמִיתֶ֗ךָ (lo-ʾamitekha) – Root: מות; Form: Negative particle + Hifil imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I will not put you to death”; Notes: Clemency declared.
- כִּֽי־נָשָׂ֜אתָ (ki-nasata) – Root: נשא; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “for you bore”; Notes: Justifies the mercy shown.
- אֶת־אֲרֹ֨ון (et-aron) – Root: ארון; Form: Definite direct object marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the Ark”; Notes: Refers to the Ark of the Covenant.
- אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהֹוִה֙ (Adonai YHWH) – Root: אדון, יהוה; Form: Divine titles; Translation: “the Lord YHWH”; Notes: Expresses reverence and sanctity.
- לִפְנֵי֙ (lifnei) – Root: פנה; Form: Preposition; Translation: “before”; Notes: Spatial/relational term.
- דָּוִ֣ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.
- אָבִ֔י (avi) – Root: אב; Form: Noun + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my father”; Notes: Possessive form.
- וְכִ֣י (ve-ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and because”; Notes: Continues reasons.
- הִתְעַנִּ֔יתָ (hitʿannita) – Root: ענה; Form: Hitpael perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you afflicted yourself”; Notes: Reflexive form, sign of humility or suffering.
- בְּכֹ֥ל (be-kol) – Root: כל; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in all”; Notes: Introduces extent.
- אֲשֶֽׁר־הִתְעַנָּ֖ה (asher-hitʿannah) – Root: ענה; Form: Relative pronoun + Hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that my father afflicted himself”; Notes: Parallel affliction.
- אָבִֽי (avi) – Root: אב; Form: Noun + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my father”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.