וְהַבַּ֤יִת הַזֶּה֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה עֶלְיֹ֔ון כָּל־עֹבֵ֥ר עָלָ֖יו יִשֹּׁ֣ם וְשָׁרָ֑ק וְאָמְר֗וּ עַל־מֶ֨ה עָשָׂ֤ה יְהוָה֙ כָּ֔כָה לָאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּ֖את וְלַבַּ֥יִת הַזֶּֽה׃
And this house shall be exalted; everyone who passes by it shall be astonished and hiss, and they shall say, ‘Why has YHWH done thus to this land and to this house?’
Morphology
- וְהַבַּיִת (ve-ha-bayit) – Root: בית; Form: Conjunction + definite masculine noun; Translation: “and the house”; Notes: Refers to the Temple.
- הַזֶּה (hazzeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “house.”
- יִהְיֶה (yihyeh) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Future state or condition.
- עֶלְיֹון (ʿelyon) – Root: עלי; Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “exalted / high”; Notes: Can also be ironic here—an object of amazement due to desolation.
- כָּל־עֹבֵר (kol-ʿover) – Root: עבר; Form: Construct noun + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “everyone passing by”; Notes: Indicates observers of the ruin.
- עָלָיו (ʿalav) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “over it / by it”; Notes: Refers to the house.
- יִשֹּׁם (yishom) – Root: שׁמם; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be appalled”; Notes: Indicates horror or astonishment.
- וְשָׁרָק (ve-sharaq) – Root: שרק; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and hiss”; Notes: A gesture of scorn or astonishment.
- וְאָמְרוּ (ve-ʾamru) – Root: אמר; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “and they shall say”; Notes: Introduces direct speech of observers.
- עַל־מֶה (ʿal-meh) – Root: מה; Form: Preposition + interrogative pronoun; Translation: “why”; Notes: Seeks explanation for judgment.
- עָשָׂה (ʿasah) – Root: עשה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has done”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s actions.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Divine agent of the action.
- כָּכָה (kakha) – Root: כה; Form: Demonstrative adverb; Translation: “thus / like this”; Notes: Refers to devastation.
- לָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת (la-aretz hazzot) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition + definite noun + demonstrative adjective; Translation: “to this land”; Notes: Object of divine judgment.
- וְלַבַּיִת הַזֶּה (ve-la-bayit hazzeh) – Root: בית; Form: Conjunction + preposition + definite noun + demonstrative adjective; Translation: “and to this house”; Notes: Repeats the theme of Temple devastation.