וְדָוִד֩ בֶּן־אִ֨ישׁ אֶפְרָתִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֨חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה וּשְׁמֹ֣ו יִשַׁ֔י וְלֹ֖ו שְׁמֹנָ֣ה בָנִ֑ים וְהָאִישׁ֙ בִּימֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל זָקֵ֖ן בָּ֥א בַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃
And David was the son of this Efrati man from Beit Leḥem of Yehuda, and his name was Yishai, and he had eight sons. And the man was old in the days of Shaʾul, advanced among men.
Morphology
- וְדָוִד֩ (ve-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “And Dawid”; Notes: Refers to David, the future king.
- בֶּן־אִ֨ישׁ (ben-ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the son of a man”; Notes: Indicates lineage.
- אֶפְרָתִ֜י (Efrati) – Root: אפרת (ʾefrat); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “an Efrati”; Notes: Refers to someone from Efrat, likely another name for Beit Leḥem.
- הַזֶּ֗ה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies Dawid.
- מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֨חֶם֙ (mi-Beit Leḥem) – Root: בית (bayit) + לחם (leḥem); Form: Proper noun, with preposition; Translation: “from Beit Leḥem”; Notes: Indicates location.
- יְהוּדָ֔ה (Yehudah) – Root: יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the tribal territory.
- וּשְׁמֹ֣ו (u-shemo) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his name”; Notes: Refers to identification.
- יִשַׁ֔י (Yishai) – Root: ישי (Yishai); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yishai”; Notes: Refers to Jesse, father of Dawid.
- וְלֹ֖ו (ve-lo) – Root: לו (lo); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and to him”; Notes: Indicates possession.
- שְׁמֹנָ֣ה (shemona) – Root: שמונה (shemoneh); Form: Cardinal number, masculine; Translation: “eight”; Notes: Number of sons.
- בָנִ֑ים (banim) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Indicates offspring.
- וְהָאִישׁ֙ (ve-haʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “and the man”; Notes: Refers to Yishai.
- בִּימֵ֣י (bi-yemei) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “in the days of”; Notes: Temporal reference.
- שָׁא֔וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to King Saul.
- זָקֵ֖ן (zaqen) – Root: זקן (zaqan); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “old”; Notes: Describes age.
- בָּ֥א (ba) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “came”; Notes: Indicates completed action.
- בַאֲנָשִֽׁים (baʾanashim) – Root: אנש (ʾanash); Form: Noun, masculine plural with preposition; Translation: “among men”; Notes: Indicates status among people.