וַיָּ֜שָׁב יְהֹואָ֣שׁ בֶּן־יְהֹואָחָ֗ז וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הֶֽעָרִים֙ מִיַּד֙ בֶּן־הֲדַ֣ד בֶּן־חֲזָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָקַ֗ח מִיַּ֛ד יְהֹואָחָ֥ז אָבִ֖יו בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה שָׁלֹ֤שׁ פְּעָמִים֙ הִכָּ֣הוּ יֹואָ֔שׁ וַיָּ֖שֶׁב אֶת־עָרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ פ
And Yoʾash son of Yehoʾaḥaz took back the cities from the hand of Ben-hadad son of Ḥazaʾel, which he had taken from the hand of Yehoʾaḥaz his father in war. Three times Yoʾash struck him and he restored the cities of Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- וַיָּשָׁב (va-yashav) – Root: שוב (sh-w-b); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “And he returned” / “And he took back”; Notes: Here, in the sense of restoring territory.
- יְהֹואָשׁ (Yoʾash) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoʾash”; Notes: King of Yisraʾel, son of Yehoʾaḥaz.
- בֶּן־יְהֹואָחָז (ben-Yehoʾaḥaz) – Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Yehoʾaḥaz”; Notes: Patronymic identification.
- וַיִּקַּח (va-yiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he took”; Notes: Indicates retrieval of cities.
- אֶת־הֶעָרִים (et-he-ʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿ-ʿ-r); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the cities”; Notes: Refers to captured cities.
- מִיַּד (mi-yad) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Preposition + noun; Translation: “from the hand of”; Notes: Idiom for power or control.
- בֶּן־הֲדַד (Ben-Hadad) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ben-Hadad”; Notes: Aramean king, son of Ḥazaʾel.
- בֶּן־חֲזָאֵל (ben-Ḥazaʾel) – Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Ḥazaʾel”; Notes: Further identification of the Aramean ruler.
- אֲשֶׁר לָקַח (asher laqach) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “which he had taken”; Notes: Refers to Ben-Hadad’s conquest.
- מִיַּד יְהֹואָחָז (mi-yad Yehoʾaḥaz) – Translation: “from the hand of Yehoʾaḥaz”; Notes: Earlier military loss reversed.
- אָבִיו (aviv) – Root: אב (ʾ-b); Form: Noun with 3ms suffix; Translation: “his father”; Notes: Refers back to Yehoʾaḥaz.
- בַּמִּלְחָמָה (ba-milḥamah) – Root: לחם (l-ḥ-m); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the war”; Notes: Context of conflict and conquest.
- שָׁלֹשׁ פְּעָמִים (shalosh peʿamim) – Form: Cardinal number + noun plural; Translation: “three times”; Notes: Refers to repeated victory.
- הִכָּהוּ (hikkahu) – Root: נכה (n-k-h); Form: Hifil perfect 3ms + 3ms suffix; Translation: “he struck him”; Notes: Military defeats inflicted by Yoʾash.
- וַיָּשֶׁב (va-yashev) – Root: שוב (sh-w-b); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he restored”; Notes: Outcome of the battles.
- אֶת־עָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל (et-ʿarei Yisraʾel) – Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “the cities of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Emphasizes national restoration.